Lisbon is the capital of Portugal and the first experience of the country that many travellers will have. Lisbon is wonderfully cosmopolitan, with some of the country’s best culture, historical sites and nightlife. Whether it’s roaming through the tangled maze of narrow streets of Alfama, visiting one of the city’s several monuments such as the Belem Tower or appreciating the beauty of the Ajuda Botanical Gardens, Lisbon has something for everyone.

The former capital of Portugal, Coimbra, is the place to go for anyone wanting to soak up some culture. Located in the centre of the country, Coimbra is best known for its university town status. While it is home to one of the world’s oldest universities (University of Coimbra), the city has several other attractions. From a plethora of museums and art galleries such as the Museum of Science to vibrant annual festivals, Coimbra should not be missed.

Known as the ’Museum City’, Evora is a monument in itself. Filled with ancient Roman ruins, churches including the eerie Bone Chapel and stunning examples of megalithic structures such as Almendres Cromlech, Evora should be at the top of any travel itinerary. Popular with students, Evora has a relaxed atmosphere, with students picnicking in parks and studying in cafés. Situated only a few kilometres outside of Lisbon, this charming town provides a calm break from the busyness of the city.

The ’Venice of Portugal’, Aveiro is a gem on the northeast coast of the country. Half of the city is characterised by canals stemming from the Ria River and colourfully painted boats called moliceiros. Aside from the canals, the city’s most obvious attraction, Aveiro is also home to some of the country’s most gorgeous beaches such as Costa Nova and Barra Beach, and most delicious seafood.

A well-recognised Portuguese landmark, the Belém Tower in Lisbon is an absolute must-see. This UNESCO World Heritage site is the last remaining evidence of the country’s former maritime glory, but is also an important example of the Portuguese Manueline architectural style. Situated on the banks of the Tagus River, this four-storey high limestone structure literally cannot be missed.

For the best views of the historical city of Lisbon, travellers should pay a visit to St George’s Castle. Located on the highest hill in the city, this castle which was once inhabited by 9th century Moors provides great insight into the country’s complex history. Walk through the cobbled pathways, enjoy a quiet moment in the shaded courtyards or just take in the breathtaking views of the city below.

For a prime example of classic Gothic architecture, Batalha Monastery in the town of the same nameis the place to go. A few hours’ drive outside of Lisbon, the monastery is considered by many to be a great 14th century architectural masterpiece. From the beautifully decorated stained-glass in the interior to the ornate detail of the building’s façade, the Batalha Monastery is indeed a sight to behold.

Located in Mafra, a Lisbon district, the Mafra National Palace is larger than life, boasting over 5,000 doors and nearly 2,500 windows. A stunning example of early Baroque architecture, this extravagant structure was the main reason for Portugal’s near bankruptcy in the 18th century. Magnificently beautiful and unbelievable vast, the palace is definitely worth a trip.

Often overlooked by travellers to the region, the Milreu Roman ruins are actually some of the most interesting landmarks in the country. Right at the heart of the Algarve coast, the ruins have proven to be a significant archaeological discovery. Providing great insight into early Roman civilisation, this heritage site boasts such interesting remains as ancient manor houses, baths, temples and several farm buildings. There is a visitor’s centre on the site which provides information about the area’s history.

Portugal has a lively entertainment and nightlife scene, with most of the action taking place in large centres like Lisbon. There are a range of options for everyone and whether travellers want to dance until dawn or simply engage with the local cultures, Portugal has it all.

Lisbon is known for its nightlife and has even designated an area to the cause. Those wanting a good night out should make a turn at the Bairro Alto. By day, Bairro Alto is like any other sleepy district in the country but by night, it turns into the number one party area. With the best bars, clubs and restaurants in the capital, this is the place to go for a bit of razzle dazzle.

The Algarve region also has its fair share of entertainment hubs. From upmarket wine bars and classy restaurants to karaoke bars and discos pumping out the latest chart hits, visitors will find something to suit their needs. Albufeira in particular is known for showing travellers a good time. The Strip is a stretch of road in Albufeira city centre which has become popular for its nightlife venues.

For those looking for something a little more low-key, there is a variety of colourful festivals which take place throughout the year all over the country. May brings the Algarve International Film Festival, while music lovers should head to Lisbon in July for the Cool Jazz Festival. Live music fans will enjoy the Rock in Rio Lisboa Festival in May, while and those looking to enjoy the cuisine of the city should visit in April for Lisbon Fish and Flavours.

Portugal is famous for its seafood and with its large coastline, tourists should expect only the best. By far the most popular with locals is bacalhau, which is dried, salted cod. An acquired taste, bacalhau is not for everyone but is fun to try at least once. Other popular seafood dishes often incorporate sardinha (sardines), carapau (mackerel), robalo (rock bass) and cherne (turbot). These fish usually come grilled, fried, boiled or served in a stew.

Portuguese food differs from region to region, but there are some delicious specialities which can be found all over the country and should be given a try. Fish lovers should go for açorda de mariscos (a hearty stew made with shrimp and served in a bread bowl) or even lulas recheadas à Lisbonense (stuffed squid), which originated in Lisbon.

Vegetarians travelling through Portugal will probably not have the easiest, or most varied, of dining experiences. Most traditional restaurants consider vegetables a side dish and rarely promote them to the position of main course, yet non-meat eaters should have little trouble in persuading local chefs to provide them with made-to-order, vegetarian dishes.

Visitors with a sweet tooth will not be left disappointed as Portuguese desserts are to die for. From arroz doce (rice pudding flavoured with cinnamon and lemon) to large cakes made with sugar and egg yolk, and even homemade chocolate mousse, there is something for every palate.

Tourists simply cannot leave the country without trying its most famous alcoholic export, port. Native to the Douro Valley region, this drink can also be found in restaurants and bars around the country. Other local favourites are aguardente, liquor made from sugar cane, and beirão, which is made from several herbs including cinnamon, cloves and anise.