Title: Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa Reviews, Deals & Photos 2026 - Expedia.co.uk [See all properties](http://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?regionId=&selected=42768805&adults=2&children=&sort=RECOMMENDED&useRewards=false&semdtl=&userIntent=&vip=false) # Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa Travelers find a peaceful garden retreat with knowledgeable staff who help arrange local adventures and provide insider tips for exploring the area ## Photo gallery for Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa ![Beach - Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa (Itapoa)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/43000000/42770000/42768900/42768805/b39a8979.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=598&ra=fit) ![Standard Double Room | Minibar, blackout curtains, iron/ironing board, free WiFi - Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa (Itapoa)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/43000000/42770000/42768900/42768805/3db4d0f3.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Property grounds - Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa (Itapoa)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/43000000/42770000/42768900/42768805/70dde535.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Front of property - Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa (Itapoa)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/43000000/42770000/42768900/42768805/a2529091.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Restaurant - Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa (Itapoa)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/43000000/42770000/42768900/42768805/9a1c1a99.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) - Overview - Rooms - Location - Policies Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa blends tropical charm with practical amenities. The garden offers a peaceful retreat, and multilingual staff assist with local tours. Travelers value the convenience of WiFi and secure luggage storage during their stay. ## Reviews 8.8 Excellent ## Popular amenities - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning - Laundry room - Housekeeping ## Room options ### Check availability for these dates Tonight [Feb 27 - Feb 28](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-27&endDate=2026-02-28&selected=42768805&PinnedHotelID=42768805&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-27&endDate=2026-02-28&selected=42768805&PinnedHotelID=42768805&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) Tomorrow [Feb 28 - Mar 1](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-28&endDate=2026-03-01&selected=42768805&PinnedHotelID=42768805&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-28&endDate=2026-03-01&selected=42768805&PinnedHotelID=42768805&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) This weekend [Feb 27 - Mar 1](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-27&endDate=2026-03-01&selected=42768805&PinnedHotelID=42768805&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-27&endDate=2026-03-01&selected=42768805&PinnedHotelID=42768805&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) Next weekend [Mar 6 - Mar 8](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-06&endDate=2026-03-08&selected=42768805&PinnedHotelID=42768805&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-06&endDate=2026-03-08&selected=42768805&PinnedHotelID=42768805&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) All rooms 2 beds 1 bed Showing 2 of 2 rooms ### View all photos for Standard Quadruple Room ![Minibar, blackout curtains, iron/ironing board, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/43000000/42770000/42768900/42768805/c17d8610.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Standard Quadruple Room ### Highlights Air conditioning LED TV Blackout curtains Hairdryer Private bathroom Minibar Satellite channels Daily housekeeping - 129 sq ft - Sleeps 4 - 1 Double Bed and 1 Single Bunk Bed ### View all photos for Standard Double Room ![Standard Double Room | Minibar, blackout curtains, iron/ironing board, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/43000000/42770000/42768900/42768805/3db4d0f3.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Standard Double Room ### Highlights Air conditioning LED TV Blackout curtains Hairdryer Private bathroom Minibar Satellite channels Daily housekeeping - Sleeps 2 - 1 Double Bed ![Mod logo](https://a.travel-assets.com/pricing-claim/sparkle_dark.svg) Sign in to view eligible discounts and perks. More rewards for more adventures! [Sign in](https://www.expedia.co.uk/login?ckoflag=0&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FSao-Francisco-Do-Sul-Hotels-Hotel-E-Pousada-Boulevard-De-Itapoa.h42768805.Hotel-Information)[Sign up, it's free](https://www.expedia.co.uk/signup?enable_registration=true&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FSao-Francisco-Do-Sul-Hotels-Hotel-E-Pousada-Boulevard-De-Itapoa.h42768805.Hotel-Information) ## About the area Itapoa is home to Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa. Morro do Cristo and Marechal Luz Fort are local landmarks, and the area's natural beauty can be seen at Barra do Sai Beach and Itapema do Norte Beach. [Visit our Itapoa travel guide](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Itapoa.dx6211465) ![Map](https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?&size=660x330&map_id=3b266eb50d2997c6&zoom=13&markers=icon:https%3A%2F%2Fa.travel-assets.com%2Ftravel-assets-manager%2Feg-maps%2Fproperty.png%7C-26.05429%2C-48.61525&channel=expedia-HotelInformation&maptype=roadmap&scale=1&key=AIzaSyCYjQus5kCufOpSj932jFoR_AJiL9yiwOw&signature=Jrw87cIrKTKnwtUBLqv4T6xk1C0=) Av Hercilio Luz 474, Itapema do norte, Itapoa, Santa Catarina, 89249-000 ### What's nearby - ![A view of the beach in Itapua, Salvador's cityscape in the background - Bahia, Brazil](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/553248621555560274/7431ebd8-e677-406e-93e4-c9e3ad0ef389.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Itapoa Beach 18 min drive \- 11.9 miles - ![Baia di Guaratuba, Paraná](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/553248621555560210/99b63328-474f-4cac-b3b4-ff07c7487b0b.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Guaratuba Beach 29 min drive \- 21.3 miles - ![Praias do Brasil, pedras da praia de Guaratuba, paisagem de praia, paisagem do litoral ](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/553248621555560268/6cccffc1-7a68-4897-99ff-2c5d1aa28e65.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Caioba Beach 51 min drive \- 27.1 miles - Barra do Sai Beach 20 min walk \- 1.1 miles - Itapema do Norte Beach 5 min drive \- 2.4 miles ### Getting around - Joinville (JOI-Cubatao) 82 min drive ### Restaurants - Tropical Lanches em Itapoa 6 min walk - Bar do Pedro 4 min drive - AJI SUSHI ITAPOÁ 3 min drive - Beer Box Cervejaria 3 min drive - Lanchonete Maringá 3 min drive ## About this property ### Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa Property highlights Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa provides amenities, such as a garden and dry cleaning/laundry services. Guests can connect to free in-room WiFi. Other perks at this hotel include: - Free self-parking - Smoke-free property, multilingual staff and luggage storage - Tour/ticket information, concierge services and barbecues Room features All guest rooms at Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa include perks, such as air conditioning, in addition to amenities, such as free WiFi and minibars. Extra amenities include: - Bathrooms with showers and hairdryers - LED TVs with satellite channels ## Similar properties ![Property grounds](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/114000000/113910000/113906100/113906073/4720288c.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Hotel e pousada Boulevard Itapoa Itapoa - Pool - Breakfast included - Pet-friendly - Kids’ pool 8.6 Excellent 10 reviews £46 includes taxes & fees 4 Mar - 5 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-04&endDate=2026-03-05&selected=113906073&PinnedHotelID=113906073&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Restaurant](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/89000000/88500000/88490700/88490676/1ed14cef.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Tri Hotel Premium Itapema Andorinha - Pool - Breakfast included - Pet-friendly - Free Wi-Fi 9.0 Wonderful 588 reviews £56 includes taxes & fees 14 Mar - 15 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-14&endDate=2026-03-15&selected=88490676&PinnedHotelID=88490676&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Couples treatment room(s), body treatments, aromatherapy](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/9000000/8140000/8137400/8137351/w1692h1220x0y0-ffeec6d9.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Awasi Santa Catarina Governador Celso Ramos - On private beach - Pool - Breakfast included - Spa 10 Exceptional 161 reviews £683 includes taxes & fees 30 Mar - 31 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-30&endDate=2026-03-31&selected=8137351&PinnedHotelID=8137351&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Interior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/106000000/105980000/105974700/105974611/2c2ea5c1.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Ok Inn Hotel Tubarão Passagem - Breakfast included - Pet-friendly - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning 8.4 Very good 37 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-13&endDate=2026-03-14&selected=105974611&PinnedHotelID=105974611&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Free daily continental breakfast ](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/83000000/83000000/82990400/82990386/845c8924.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Hotel Pousada Capão Garopaba - Pool - Breakfast included - Pet-friendly - Parking included 8.8 Excellent 44 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-13&endDate=2026-03-14&selected=82990386&PinnedHotelID=82990386&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Indoor pool, outdoor pool, pool umbrellas, pool loungers](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/16000000/15150000/15146400/15146399/b46be12a.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Hotel VillaReal Sao Francisco do Sul Paulas - Pool - Breakfast included - Spa - Kids’ pool 9.0 Wonderful 132 reviews £97 includes taxes & fees 8 Mar - 9 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-08&endDate=2026-03-09&selected=15146399&PinnedHotelID=15146399&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Interior entrance](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/40000000/39620000/39613000/39612975/482a672c.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Pousada Divino Oleiro - Gov. Celso Ramos Quinta dos Ganchos - Pet-friendly - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Business services 8.4 Very good 20 reviews £45 includes taxes & fees 1 Mar - 2 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-01&endDate=2026-03-02&selected=39612975&PinnedHotelID=39612975&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Lobby sitting area](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/7000000/6390000/6386700/6386666/a94e879f.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Hotel Piçarras Picarras Centro - Breakfast included - Pet-friendly - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 7.8 Good 89 reviews £48 includes taxes & fees 30 Mar - 31 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-30&endDate=2026-03-31&selected=6386666&PinnedHotelID=6386666&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Exterior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/30000000/29490000/29482200/29482151/5bf8a5f2.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Recanto Rustico Itapoa Itapoa - Pool - Kitchen - Washing machine - Pet-friendly [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-13&endDate=2026-03-14&selected=29482151&PinnedHotelID=29482151&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Aerial view](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/121000000/120850000/120841100/120841079/d8dda5e1.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Villa Explorer Praia do Rosa - Pool - Pet-friendly - Free Wi-Fi - Breakfast available £41 includes taxes & fees 30 Mar - 31 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-30&endDate=2026-03-31&selected=120841079&PinnedHotelID=120841079&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Compare similar properties](/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-13&endDate=2026-03-14&selected=42768805&PinnedHotelID=42768805&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2&comparePropertyIds=42768805,113906073,88490676,8137351,105974611) ## Property amenities ### Internet - Available in all rooms: Free WiFi - Available in some public areas: Free WiFi ### Parking and transport - Free self parking on site - Limited on-site self parking ### Family friendly - Laundry facilities ### Conveniences - Laundry facilities - Limited-hour front desk - Luggage storage ### Guest services - Concierge services - Dry cleaning/laundry service - Housekeeping (daily) - Multilingual staff - Tour and ticket assistance ### Outdoors - Barbecue grill - Garden ### More - Smoke-free property ## Room amenities ### Bedroom - Bedsheets provided - Blackout drapes ### Bathroom - Hair dryer - Private bathroom - Shower - Soap - Towels provided ### Entertainment - LED TV with satellite channels ### Food and drink - Minibar ### More - Air conditioning - Iron/ironing board on request ## Policies ### Check-in Check-in start time: 1:30 PM; check-in end time: 11:00 PM Minimum check-in age - 18 ### Check-out Check-out before 11:00 AM ### Special check-in instructions The front desk is open daily from 7:00 AM - 11:00 PM Front desk staffed during limited hours Information provided by the property may be translated using automated translation tools ### Access methods Front desk (limited hours) ### Pets Pets not allowed ### Children and extra beds Children are welcome ### Payment types at the property ## Important information ### You need to know This property is managed by a professional host. The provision of housing is linked to their trade, business or profession. Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy Government-issued photo identification and a credit card, debit card or cash deposit may be required at check-in for incidental charges Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges; special requests cannot be guaranteed This property accepts credit cards; cash is not accepted If you cancel your booking, you'll be subject to the host's cancellation policy. In accordance with UK consumer law, property booking services are not subject to the right of withdrawal. ### We should mention Parents or a legal guardian travelling with children under 18 years must present the child's birth certificate and an identity card with photo (for example, a passport) at check-in. For international travels to Brazil, if only one of the parents is travelling with the child, she/he must present – in addition to the child's certificate of birth and identity card with photo – a letter authorising the trip signed by the other parent with a notarial certification of signature. In the event that the parents or the legal guardian, as applicable, cannot or are unwilling to give this authorisation, a judicial authorisation is required. People who intend to travel to Brazil with children must consult with the Brazilian consulate before travelling for more information. ### Property is also known as E Boulevard De Itapoa Itapoa Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa Hotel Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa Itapoa Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa Hotel Itapoa ## Frequently asked questions ### Is Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa pet-friendly? ### How much is parking at Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa? ### What time is check-in at Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa? ### What time is check-out at Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa? ### Where is Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa located? ## Have a question? Beta Get instant answers with AI powered search of property information and reviews. Ask a question ## Reviews ## Hotel e Pousada Boulevard de Itapoa Reviews 8.8 ### Excellent All reviews shown are from real guest experiences. Only travellers who have booked a stay with us can submit a review. We verify reviews according to our guidelines and publish all reviews, positive or negative.[More information](https://www.expedia.co.uk/lp/b/content-guidelines) ### 8.8 Cleanliness ### 8.0 Amenities ### 10 Staff & service ### 8.8 Property conditions & facilities 10 - Excellent 1 8 - Good 2 6 - Okay 0 4 - Poor 0 2 - Terrible 0 ## Reviews ### 8/10 Good #### Verified traveller 27 Feb 2020 Liked: Staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities Agradável, bom atendimento. Não dei 5 estrelas porque o estacionamento não é fechado. ##### Verified traveller Stayed 3 nights in Feb 2020 ### 8/10 Good #### Michael, Campo Largo 27 Jan 2020 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities Ótimo ambiente! Café da manhã satisfatório! Anfitrião super gentil e cordial ##### Michael Stayed 1 night in Jan 2020 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Débora 23 Jan 2020 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort ##### Débora Stayed 2 nights in Jan 2020 ## Expedia's Latest Trends ### Hotels > [Beija Flor Exclusive Hotel & Spa](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Tibau-Do-Sul-Hotels-Beija-Flor-Exclusive-Hotel-Spa.h15960960.Hotel-Information) > > [Vila Galé Resort Touros - All Inclusive](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Touros-Hotels-Vila-Gale-Resort-Touros-All-Inclusive.h22407158.Hotel-Information) > > [H+ Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dourados-Hotels-H-Hotel.h8213570.Hotel-Information) > > [World Hostel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Florianopolis-Hotels-World-Hostel.h16662150.Hotel-Information) > > [Pousada Araras Pantanal Ecolodge](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pocone-Hotels-Pousada-Araras-Pantanal-Ecolodge.h16706447.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotel das Cataratas, A Belmond Hotel, Iguassu Falls](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Foz-Do-Iguacu-Hotels-Hotel-Das-Cataratas.h53288.Hotel-Information) > > [Taj Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Tres-Lagoas-Hotels-Taj-Hotel.h12607333.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotel Canto das Águas](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Lencois-Hotels-Hotel-Canto-Das-Aguas.h1697565.Hotel-Information) > > [Rio Quente Resorts Refúgio Grand Premium – Antigo Hotel Turismo](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Caldas-Novas-Hotels-Rio-Quente-Resorts-Hotel-Turismo.h10238936.Hotel-Information) > > [Juma Amazon Lodge](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Autazes-Hotels-Juma-Amazon-Lodge.h3024425.Hotel-Information) > > [Village Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Caceres-Hotels-Village-Hotel.h6494752.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotel Fazenda Dona Francisca](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Sao-Francisco-Do-Sul-Hotels-Hotel-Fazenda-Dona-Francisca.h21644645.Hotel-Information) > > [Transamerica Resort Comandatuba – All Inclusive](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Una-Hotels-Transamerica-Resort-Comandatuba-All-Inclusive.h438434.Hotel-Information) > > [La Luna](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Paracuru-Hotels-La-Luna.h105403303.Hotel-Information) > > [Hot Beach Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Sao-Jose-Do-Rio-Preto-Hotels-Hot-Beach-Resort.h22550985.Hotel-Information) > > [Fazzenda Park Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Itajai-Hotels-Fazzenda-Park-Hotel.h9055906.Hotel-Information) > > [Vila Capininga Ecopousada](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Santo-Amaro-Do-Maranhao-Hotels-Vila-Capininga-Ecopousada.h41980042.Hotel-Information) > > [Praia Sol Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Foz-Do-Iguacu-Hotels-Praia-Sol-Hotel.h3802035.Hotel-Information) > > [Mabu Thermas Grand Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Foz-Do-Iguacu-Hotels-Mabu-Thermas-Grand-Resort.h564963.Hotel-Information) > > [Premier Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Votuporanga-Hotels-Premier-Hotel.h74633149.Hotel-Information) > > [Jurerê Beach Village](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Florianopolis-Hotels-Jurere-Beach-Village.h2308904.Hotel-Information) > > [Grand Suites Family Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ita-Hotels-ESuites-Ita-Resort-By-Atlantica.h59667356.Hotel-Information) > > [Butterfly House Bahia](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Marau-Hotels-Butterfly-House-Bahia.h7391566.Hotel-Information) > > [The Hyperion Boutique Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Florianopolis-Hotels-The-Hyperion-Boutique-Hotel-Bar.h10979816.Hotel-Information) > > [Rio do Rastro Eco Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bom-Jardim-Da-Serra-Hotels-Rio-Do-Rastro-Eco-Resort.h19002070.Hotel-Information) > > [Selina Floripa](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Florianopolis-Hotels-Selina-Florianopolis.h37846222.Hotel-Information) > > [SouthWild Pantanal Lodge](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pocone-Hotels-SouthWild-Pantanal-Lodge.h12709354.Hotel-Information) > > [Vila Galé Alagoas - All Inclusive](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Barra-De-Santo-Antonio-Hotels-Vila-Gale-Resort-Alagoas-All-Inclusive.h76566637.Hotel-Information) > > [The Coral Beach Resort by Atlantica](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Trairi-Hotels-The-Coral-Beach-Resort-By-Atlantica.h31873624.Hotel-Information) ---