Title: Hilton Garden Inn Radom Reviews, Deals & Photos 2025 - Expedia.co.uk [See all properties](http://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?regionId=&adults=2&children=&sort=RECOMMENDED&useRewards=false&semdtl=&userIntent=&vip=false) # Hilton Garden Inn Radom Hotel in Radom with fitness centre and restaurant ![Breakfast area](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101250000/101242500/101242445/a6262442.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=598&ra=fit) ![Exterior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101250000/101242500/101242445/b5530cb6.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Breakfast area](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101250000/101242500/101242445/df97b6cc.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Suite, 1 Bedroom | Free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101250000/101242500/101242445/cfb78dac.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Family Room, 1 King Bed | Free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101250000/101242500/101242445/caffbe6b.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) - Overview - Rooms - Location - Policies Hilton Garden Inn Radom offers modern comforts and a welcoming atmosphere in the city's heart. Guests can recharge at the fitness center or enjoy a meal at the on-site restaurant. The hotel provides WiFi in every room and meeting spaces for business travelers. 9.6 Exceptional ## Popular amenities - Parking available - Gym - Room service - Pet-friendly - Free WiFi - Restaurant £61 includes taxes & fees 1 Nov - 2 Nov ## Room options ### Check availability for these dates Tonight [Oct 9 - Oct 10](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-09&endDate=2025-10-10&selected=101242445&PinnedHotelID=101242445&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-09&endDate=2025-10-10&selected=101242445&PinnedHotelID=101242445&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) Tomorrow [Oct 10 - Oct 11](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-10&endDate=2025-10-11&selected=101242445&PinnedHotelID=101242445&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-10&endDate=2025-10-11&selected=101242445&PinnedHotelID=101242445&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) This weekend [Oct 10 - Oct 12](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-10&endDate=2025-10-12&selected=101242445&PinnedHotelID=101242445&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-10&endDate=2025-10-12&selected=101242445&PinnedHotelID=101242445&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) Next weekend [Oct 17 - Oct 19](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-17&endDate=2025-10-19&selected=101242445&PinnedHotelID=101242445&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-17&endDate=2025-10-19&selected=101242445&PinnedHotelID=101242445&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) All rooms 1 bed 2 beds 3+ beds Showing 5 of 5 rooms ![Free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101250000/101242500/101242445/b16d993e.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Room, 1 King Bed, Accessible - Sleeps 2 - 1 King Bed ![Family Room, 1 King Bed | Free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101250000/101242500/101242445/caffbe6b.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Family Room, 1 King Bed - Sleeps 4 - 1 King Bed ![Suite, 1 Bedroom | Free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101250000/101242500/101242445/3d545a66.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Suite, 1 Bedroom - Sleeps 3 - 1 King Bed ![Room, 1 King Bed with Sofa bed | Free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101250000/101242500/101242445/b88a4278.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Room, 1 King Bed with Sofa bed 9.2 Wonderful 5 reviews - Sleeps 3 - 1 King Bed and 1 Double Sofa Bed ![Twin Room, 2 Single Beds | Free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101250000/101242500/101242445/c2554bfe.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Twin Room, 2 Single Beds 10.0 Exceptional 1 review - Sleeps 2 - 2 Single Beds ![Mod logo](https://a.travel-assets.com/pricing-claim/sparkle_dark.svg) Sign in to view eligible discounts and perks. More rewards for more adventures! [Sign in](https://www.expedia.co.uk/login?ckoflag=0&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FRadom-Hotels-Hilton-Garden-Inn-Radom.h101242445.Hotel-Information)[Sign up, it's free](https://www.expedia.co.uk/signup?enable_registration=true&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FRadom-Hotels-Hilton-Garden-Inn-Radom.h101242445.Hotel-Information) ## About the area ![Map](https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?&size=660x330&map_id=3b266eb50d2997c6&zoom=13&markers=icon:https%3A%2F%2Fa.travel-assets.com%2Ftravel-assets-manager%2Feg-maps%2Fproperty.png%7C51.40200%2C21.15473&channel=expedia-HotelInformation&maptype=roadmap&scale=1&key=AIzaSyCYjQus5kCufOpSj932jFoR_AJiL9yiwOw&signature=73otpDWGK5aQadztJ5Ul61vnRCM=) ul. Kilinskiego 14, Radom, 26-610 #### What's nearby - Tadeusza Kosciuszki Park - 3 min walk - 0.2 miles - Galeria Rosa - 3 min walk - 0.2 miles - Cathedral of Holy Virgin Mary - 6 min walk - 0.4 miles - Elektrownia - Centre for Contemporary Art - 18 min walk - 1.0 mile - M1 Shopping Mall - 4 min drive - 1.7 miles #### Getting around - Radom Station - 17 min walk - Radom (RDO) - 14 min drive #### Restaurants - ‪KRAFT - ‬6 min walk - ‪Antalya Kebab - ‬3 min walk - ‪Zapiekanki z Moniuszki - ‬6 min walk - ‪KAVVKA Coffee - ‬5 min walk - ‪Meritum - ‬2 min walk ## About this property ### Hilton Garden Inn Radom Property highlights Hilton Garden Inn Radom provides amenities, such as a gym and a restaurant. Guests can connect to free in-room WiFi. You'll also enjoy perks such as: - Self-parking (surcharge), an electric car charging station and meeting rooms Room features All guest rooms at Hilton Garden Inn Radom offer amenities, such as free WiFi. ## Similar properties ![Studio | Living area | LCD TV](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/4000000/3900000/3899800/3899796/54a9a097.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Hotel Iskra Radom - Pet-friendly - Free WiFi - Breakfast available - Parking available 8.0 Very good 85 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-23&endDate=2025-10-24&selected=3899796&PinnedHotelID=3899796&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Junior Double Room, 2 Single Beds | Premium bedding, laptop workspace, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/14000000/13020000/13010100/13010024/d8077b4d.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Europejski Boutique Hotel Radom - Free WiFi - Restaurant - Air conditioning - Gym 8.4 Very good 30 reviews £70 includes taxes & fees 10 Oct - 11 Oct [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-10&endDate=2025-10-11&selected=13010024&PinnedHotelID=13010024&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Smart TV, books](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/72000000/71400000/71390300/71390283/48401b1b.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Luxury Petitte Studio in a Heart of Radom Radom - Kitchen - Washer - Dryer - Free WiFi [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-23&endDate=2025-10-24&selected=71390283&PinnedHotelID=71390283&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Fridge, microwave, oven, stovetop](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/73000000/72550000/72540800/72540795/bd480a3c.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Citizen Arts Apartment in a heart of Radom Radom - Kitchen - Washer - Dryer - Free WiFi [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-23&endDate=2025-10-24&selected=72540795&PinnedHotelID=72540795&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![1 bedroom, iron/ironing board, travel cot, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/106000000/105820000/105814000/105813982/a9026943.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Citizen A Studio by Radom Art House Radom - Kitchen - Washer - Dryer - Free WiFi [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-10-23&endDate=2025-10-24&selected=105813982&PinnedHotelID=105813982&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ## Property amenities ### Internet - Available in all rooms: Free WiFi - Available in some public areas: Free WiFi ### Parking and transport - Electric car charging station on site - Parking on site (PLN 60 per day) ### Food and drink - A restaurant ### Things to do - Gym ### Business services - Meeting rooms ### More - Designated smoking areas (fines apply) ## Room amenities ### Food and drink - Limited room service ## Policies ### Check-in Check-in time starts at 3:00 PM ### Check-out Check-out before 11:00 AM ### Pets Pets are allowed for an extra charge of PLN 100 per pet, per stay Service animals are welcome, and are exempt from fees Up to 20 kg per pet ### Children and extra beds Children are welcome ## Important information ### Optional extras - Self-parking fee: PLN 60 per day - Pet fee: PLN 100 per pet, per stay - Service animals are exempt from fees The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change. ### You need to know This property is managed by a professional host. The provision of housing is linked to their trade, business or profession. Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy Government-issued photo identification and a credit card, debit card or cash deposit may be required at check-in for incidental charges Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges; special requests cannot be guaranteed If you cancel your booking, you'll be subject to the host's cancellation policy. In accordance with UK consumer law, property booking services are not subject to the right of withdrawal. ### Property is also known as Hilton Garden Inn Radom Hotel Hilton Garden Inn Radom Radom Hilton Garden Inn Radom Hotel Radom ## Frequently asked questions ### Is Hilton Garden Inn Radom pet-friendly? > Yes, Hilton Garden Inn Radom allows pets with a maximum weight of up to 20 kg per pet. There's a fee of PLN 100 per pet, per stay. Service animals are exempt from fees. ### How much does it cost to stay at Hilton Garden Inn Radom? > As of 9 Oct 2025, prices found for a 1-night stay for 2 adults at Hilton Garden Inn Radom on 1 Nov 2025 start from £60.91, including taxes and fees. This price is based on the lowest nightly price found in the last 24 hours for stays in the next 30 days. Prices are subject to change. [Choose your dates](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Radom-Hotels-Hilton-Garden-Inn-Radom.h101242445.Hotel-Information?rfrr=HOT.HIS.question.link.click) for more accurate prices. ### How much is parking at Hilton Garden Inn Radom? > Self-parking is available for PLN 60 per day. ### What time is check-in at Hilton Garden Inn Radom? > Check-in begins at 3:00 PM. ### What time is check-out at Hilton Garden Inn Radom? > Checkout is at 11:00 AM. ### Where is Hilton Garden Inn Radom located? > Situated in Radom, this hotel is within a 5-minute walk of Galeria Rosa and Tadeusza Kosciuszki Park. Resursa Obywatelska and Cathedral of Holy Virgin Mary are also within 10 minutes. Radom Station is 17 minutes by foot. ## Have a question? Beta Get instant answers with AI powered search of property information and reviews. Ask a question ## Hilton Garden Inn Radom Reviews 9.6 ### Exceptional All reviews shown are from real guest experiences. Only travellers who have booked a stay with us can submit a review. We verify reviews according to our guidelines and publish all reviews, positive or negative.[More information](https://www.expedia.co.uk/lp/b/content-guidelines) ### 10 Cleanliness ### 10 Amenities ### 9.6 Staff & service ### 9.6 Eco-friendliness ### 9.8 Property conditions & facilities 10 - Excellent 37 8 - Good 6 6 - Okay 3 4 - Poor 0 2 - Terrible 0 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Daniel 28 Jun 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, amenities, property conditions & facilities Very pleasant hotel stay ##### Daniel Stayed 1 night in Jun 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Edward 13 Jul 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities One of the nicest hotels that I’ve stayed in recently. Great facilities! ##### Edward Stayed 1 night in Jul 2025 ### 6/10 Okay #### Serhii 6 Sept 2025 Liked: Cleanliness Cleaned room, coziness ##### Serhii Stayed 1 night in Sep 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Joanna 30 Jul 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities All clean, comfortable and perfect. ##### Joanna Stayed 1 night in Jul 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Jan 20 Apr 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort Very nice and new hotel with very good food and excellent service ##### Jan Stayed 1 night in Apr 2025 ### 8/10 Good #### Benjamin 9 Jul 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort #### Garden inn Radom Very nice indoor parking under the hotel. Good breakfast with a lot of different types of food. Staff were polite and helpful, and the rooms were clean. Only downside is the casting opportunity on the tv, all the other services except Youtube was blocked. ##### Benjamin Stayed 2 nights in Jul 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Shely 5 Aug 2024 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities Staff were all very nice. Hotel seemed brand new- really nice rooms and amenities for the price you pay. ##### Shely Stayed 1 night in Aug 2024 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Marcin 9 Mar 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort #### Comfortable hotel in the heart of the city Very comfortable room, quite big, clean with everything you need. The location is very convenient in the city centre. The staff is very polite. If I were to suggest any room for improvement, free car park for guests would be a great idea. ##### Marcin Stayed 1 night in Mar 2025 ### 8/10 Good #### Ian 22 Jul 2024 Liked: Cleanliness, amenities, property conditions & facilities Convenient beautiful quiet property in the center of old Radom town. ##### Ian Stayed 1 night in Jul 2024 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Elizabeth 28 Aug 2024 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities The room was large, well aired, really comfortable. ##### Elizabeth Stayed 4 nights in Aug 2024 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Joanna 12 Oct 2024 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities It’s a nice, clean and comfortable hotel. My room had roof windows and was very large. The only downside was that it was very noisy outside on Friday night. ##### Joanna Stayed 3 nights in Oct 2024 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Simon 8 Aug 2024 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort #### All good 👍 All good but having a room that faced inward (courtyard type) made the room quite dark ##### Simon Stayed 4 nights in Aug 2024 ### 6/10 Okay #### Kevin 23 Jan 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, property conditions & facilities, room comfort The hotel looks very new and is spotlessly clean and the staff where very helpful, however there are 3 electric blinds in the room and No1 was not working when i checked in and wasnt fixed or replaced during my stay, which meant i could not sleep properly as i could not get the room dark. The blind was broken and you could see from a visual check this was so, it wasnt just something that happened on the day. ##### Kevin Stayed 3 nights in Jan 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### ANDRZEJ 28 Jun 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort ##### ANDRZEJ Stayed 1 night in Jun 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Håvard 21 Jun 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort ##### Håvard Stayed 2 nights in Jun 2025 ### 8/10 Good #### Peter 9 Jun 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, property conditions & facilities, room comfort ##### Peter Stayed 2 nights in May 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Verified traveller 4 May 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort ##### Verified traveller Stayed 2 nights in May 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Verified traveller 1 May 2025 Liked: Property conditions & facilities, room comfort ##### Verified traveller Stayed 5 nights in Apr 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Devlet 8 Apr 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities Tolles Hotel ##### Devlet Stayed 1 night in Mar 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Devlet 8 Apr 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities Tolles, neues Hotel. Hervorragendes Restaurant mit motivierten Mitarbeitern. Können wir nur wärmstens empfehlen. ##### Devlet Stayed 1 night in Mar 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### María Fabiola 20 Mar 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities El l7gar, el servicio y la estadía maravillosa. Felicidades! ##### María Fabiola Stayed 3 nights in Mar 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Karl 11 Feb 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort ##### Karl Stayed 3 nights in Feb 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Milan 5 Feb 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort Hotel veramente molto bello e confortevole, ad un prezzo molto competitivo ##### Milan Stayed 2 nights in Feb 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Mads 30 Jan 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort ##### Mads Stayed 1 night in Oct 2024 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Fabijan 25 Jan 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort ##### Fabijan Stayed 2 nights in Jan 2025 ## Expedia's Latest Trends ### Hotels > [Radisson Blu Hotel & Residences, Zakopane](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Zakopane-Hotels-Radisson-Blu-Hotel-Residences.h34840538.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotels in Kilkenny City Centre](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kilkenny-City-Centre-Kilkenny-Hotels.0-n553248633981693529-0.Travel-Guide-Filter-Hotels) > > [Tree Charme Parliament Boutique Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Rome-Hotels-Tree-Charme-Parliament-Boutique-Hotel.h45964652.Hotel-Information) > > [De Vere Cotswold Water Park](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Cirencester-Hotels-De-Vere-Cotswold-Water-Park.h1770053.Hotel-Information) > > [Apartments York](https://www.expedia.co.uk/York-Apartments.d5489-aaApartments.Travel-Guide-Accommodation) > > [Hotels near Chartwell](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Chartwell-Hotels.0-l6092011-0.Travel-Guide-Filter-Hotels) > > [Western Camp Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Krakow-Hotels-Western-Camp-Resort.h44431824.Hotel-Information) > > [Bespoke Hotels in London](https://www.expedia.co.uk/London-Hotels-Bespoke.0-0-d178279--bBespoke.Travel-Guide-Filter-Hotels) > > [Bachleda Hotel Kasprowy****](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Zakopane-Hotels-Mercure-Zakopane-Kasprowy.h46568.Hotel-Information) > > [Spa Hotels in Truro](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Truro-Hotels-Spa-Hotels.0-0-d182676-tSpaHotels.Travel-Guide-Filter-Hotels) > > [Hotel Aquarion Family & Friends - Destigo Hotels](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Zakopane-Hotels-Hotel-Aquarion-Family-Friends.h19556224.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotels near Alicante Cruise Ship Terminal](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Alicante-Cruise-Ship-Terminal-Hotels.0-l6158983-0.Travel-Guide-Filter-Hotels) > > [ARIES Hotel & SPA](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Zakopane-Hotels-ARIES-Hotel-SPA.h8767983.Hotel-Information) > > [Van der Valk Hotel Heerlen](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Maastricht-Hotels-Van-Der-Valk-Hotel-Heerlen.h1056564.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotel Sabala](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Zakopane-Hotels-Hotel-Sabala.h5448611.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotels in Sibenik](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Sibenik-Hotels.d6023213.Travel-Guide-Hotels) > > [5 Star Hotels in Largs](https://www.expedia.co.uk/5Star-Largs-Hotels.s50-0-d181414.Travel-Guide-Filter-Hotels) > > [Hotels in Dunstable](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dunstable-Hotels.d55298.Travel-Guide-Hotels) ### Flights > [Flights from Newcastle-upon-Tyne (NCL) to Orlando (MCO)](https://www.expedia.co.uk/lp/flights/ncl/mco/newcastle-to-orlando) > > [Flights from Punta Cana (PUJ) to Sosúa (POP)](https://www.expedia.co.uk/lp/flights/puj/pop/punta-cana-to-puerto-plata) > > [Flights from London (LHR) to Viseu (VSE)](https://www.expedia.co.uk/lp/flights/lhr/vse/london-to-viseu) > > [Flights from Vienna (VIE) to Gatwick (LGW)](https://www.expedia.co.uk/lp/flights/vie/lgw/vienna-to-london) ### Cars > [Car hire in Luqa](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Compare-Cheap-Car-Hire-In-Malta-Intl.d4279373.Car-Hire-Guide) > > [Car hire in Kilmarnock](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Compare-Cheap-Car-Hire-In-Kilmarnock.d55342.Car-Hire-Guide) ### Activities > [Things to do in Oswiecim](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Things-To-Do-In-Oswiecim.d6126619.Travel-Guide-Activities) ### Packages > [Llandudno West Shore Beach](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Llandudno-West-Shore-Beach-Wales.d6231536.Attraction) > > [Ipswich Waterfront](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ipswich-Waterfront-Ipswich.d6140287.Attraction)