Title: Zara Home Reviews, Deals & Photos 2026 - Expedia.co.uk [See all properties](http://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?regionId=6025764&destination=Galle%2C+Southern+Province%2C+Sri+Lanka&selected=108717857&adults=2&children=&sort=RECOMMENDED&useRewards=false&semdtl=&userIntent=&vip=false) # Zara Home Historic retreat with beautiful gardens puts travelers right in the heart of the old district, with fresh air and scenic views just steps away ## Photo gallery for Zara Home ![Front of property - Zara Home (Galle)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/5b06c919.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=598&ra=fit) ![Free daily English breakfast - Zara Home (Galle)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/82c5ef4b.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Exterior - Zara Home (Galle)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/a41567e5.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Front of property - Zara Home (Galle)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/ac1af749.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Interior - Zara Home (Galle)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/73cf3488.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) - Overview - Rooms - Location - Policies Zara Home, in the historical district, welcomes travelers with English breakfast and high-speed WiFi. Enjoy a garden for morning strolls and a rooftop terrace with scenic views. Guests appreciate the convenient luggage storage service for a seamless stay. ## Reviews 9.8 Exceptional ## Popular amenities - Breakfast included - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Laundry room ## Check prices for these days [Tonight ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-26&endDate=2026-03-27&selected=108717857&PinnedHotelID=108717857&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-26&endDate=2026-03-27&selected=108717857&PinnedHotelID=108717857&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Tomorrow ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-27&endDate=2026-03-28&selected=108717857&PinnedHotelID=108717857&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-27&endDate=2026-03-28&selected=108717857&PinnedHotelID=108717857&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [This weekend ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-27&endDate=2026-03-29&selected=108717857&PinnedHotelID=108717857&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-27&endDate=2026-03-29&selected=108717857&PinnedHotelID=108717857&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Next weekend ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-03&endDate=2026-04-05&selected=108717857&PinnedHotelID=108717857&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-03&endDate=2026-04-05&selected=108717857&PinnedHotelID=108717857&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ## Room options All rooms 1 bed 2 beds 3+ beds Showing 6 of 6 rooms ### View all photos for Comfort Double Room, Garden View ![Comfort Double Room, Garden View | Desk, laptop workspace, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/bc3c12c9.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Comfort Double Room, Garden View - Garden view - 205 sq ft - 1 bedroom - Sleeps 2 - 1 Queen Bed ### View all photos for Comfort Triple Room, Garden View ![Comfort Triple Room, Garden View | Bathroom | Shower, free toiletries, towels, soap](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/7c77e6f0.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Comfort Triple Room, Garden View - Garden view - 269 sq ft - 1 bedroom - Sleeps 3 - 1 Queen Bed and 1 Single Bed ### View all photos for Family Quadruple Room ![Family Quadruple Room | Desk, laptop workspace, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/28e842ac.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Family Quadruple Room - Garden view - 301 sq ft - 1 bedroom - Sleeps 4 - 1 Queen Bed and 2 Single Beds ### View all photos for Standard Queen Room ![Desk, laptop workspace, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/d61f678a.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Standard Queen Room - Sleeps 2 ### View all photos for Triple Room ![Desk, laptop workspace, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/5715b9c8.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Triple Room - Sleeps 2 ### View all photos for Family Room ![Desk, laptop workspace, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108720000/108717900/108717857/7b7ca9a5.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Family Room - Sleeps 4 ![Mod logo](https://a.travel-assets.com/pricing-claim/sparkle_dark.svg) Sign in to view eligible discounts and perks. More rewards for more adventures! [Sign in](https://www.expedia.co.uk/login?ckoflag=0&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FGalle-Hotels-Zara-Home.h108717857.Hotel-Information)[Sign up, it's free](https://www.expedia.co.uk/signup?enable_registration=true&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FGalle-Hotels-Zara-Home.h108717857.Hotel-Information) ## About the area Located in Galle, Zara Home is in the historical district. Galle International Cricket Stadium and Galle Fort are local landmarks, and some of the area's activities can be experienced at Galle Harbour and Spa Ceylon Boutique & Urban Spa. National Maritime Museum and Handunugoda Tea Estate are also worth visiting. [Visit our Galle travel guide](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Galle.dx6025764) [View more B&B in Galle](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Galle-Bed-And-Breakfasts.d6025764-aaBedAndBreakfasts.Travel-Guide-Accommodation) ![Map](https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?&size=660x330&map_id=3b266eb50d2997c6&zoom=13&markers=icon:https%3A%2F%2Fa.travel-assets.com%2Ftravel-assets-manager%2Feg-maps%2Fproperty.png%7C6.04241%2C80.23244&channel=expedia-HotelInformation&maptype=roadmap&scale=1&key=AIzaSyCYjQus5kCufOpSj932jFoR_AJiL9yiwOw&signature=x6OyXHuwfnoyxUojoak_rkGW1EQ=) 115/9, Circular Road, Makuluwa, Galle, SP, 80000 ### What's nearby - ![Galle Fort](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/6025764/cc21d393-909e-48f8-a474-10d61bdf271e.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Galle Fort 4 min drive \- 1.6 miles - ![Galle International Cricket Stadium](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/553248621563225385/b43fdb9b-37c7-410e-a91a-3ff07ab6bb33.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Galle International Cricket Stadium 4 min drive \- 1.6 miles - Galle Harbour 13 min walk \- 0.7 miles - Dewata Beach 15 min walk \- 0.8 miles - Sahana Beach 17 min walk \- 0.9 miles ### Getting around - Midigama Railway Station 37 min drive - Colombo (CMB-Bandaranaike Intl.) 116 min drive ### Restaurants - Sahana Snack Bar 16 min walk - Indian Hut 18 min walk - SAHANA 3 min drive - Milkyway 5 min drive - Indian Hut 3 min drive ## About this property ### Zara Home Bed & breakfast in the historical district At Zara Home, you can look forward to free English breakfast, a rooftop terrace and a garden. Free in-room WiFi, with a speed of 50+ Mbps, and dry cleaning/laundry services are available to all guests. Other perks include: - Free self-parking - Tour/ticket information, outdoor furniture and luggage storage - A TV in reception and smoke-free property Room features All guest rooms at Zara Home have comforts, such as laptop-friendly workspaces, as well as Extra amenities include: - Bathrooms with showers and free toiletries - Housekeeping and desks ## Similar properties ![Outdoor pool, open 8:00 AM to 10:00 PM, pool umbrellas, pool loungers](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/16000000/15680000/15679500/15679444/d7b3c1f2.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Villa White Queen Resort & Spa Galle - Pool - Spa - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 9.6 Exceptional 51 reviews £64 includes taxes & fees 5 Apr - 6 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-05&endDate=2026-04-06&selected=15679444&PinnedHotelID=15679444&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Land view from property](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/30000000/29150000/29143200/29143180/13cdf8c1.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Muhsin Villa Fort Galle - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning - Breakfast available 8.0 Very good 31 reviews £31 includes taxes & fees 1 Apr - 2 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-01&endDate=2026-04-02&selected=29143180&PinnedHotelID=29143180&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Terrace/patio](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/37000000/36520000/36518600/36518501/fe099179.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Mrs Wijenayake's Beach Haven Guest House Fort Galle - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning - Breakfast available - Housekeeping 9.0 Wonderful 56 reviews £24 includes taxes & fees 28 Mar - 29 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-28&endDate=2026-03-29&selected=36518501&PinnedHotelID=36518501&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Outdoor pool](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/13000000/12580000/12577400/12577323/f17d9a71.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Villa Upper Dickson Galle - Pool - Breakfast included - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 7.8 Good 27 reviews £45 includes taxes & fees 3 Apr - 4 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-03&endDate=2026-04-04&selected=12577323&PinnedHotelID=12577323&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![View from property](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/13000000/12580000/12578300/12578203/12a9d92e.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Rampart View Guest House Fort Galle - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning - Laundry room 8.8 Excellent 43 reviews £38 includes taxes & fees 1 Apr - 2 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-01&endDate=2026-04-02&selected=12578203&PinnedHotelID=12578203&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Standard Double Room, 1 Queen Bed, Courtyard Area | Courtyard view](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/20000000/19420000/19411200/19411136/95d1db3c.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### The Bartizan Fort Galle - Breakfast included - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant - Air-conditioning 9.4 Exceptional 95 reviews £126 includes taxes & fees 27 Mar - 28 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-27&endDate=2026-03-28&selected=19411136&PinnedHotelID=19411136&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Front of property](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/13000000/12580000/12577600/12577574/36ec5508.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Small House Boutique Guest House Fort Galle - Breakfast included - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning 8.4 Very good 17 reviews £67 includes taxes & fees 10 Apr - 11 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-10&endDate=2026-04-11&selected=12577574&PinnedHotelID=12577574&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![View from property](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/20000000/19310000/19308500/19308498/9e7c09d3.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Dream Villa Fort Galle - Breakfast included - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant 7.6 Good 9 reviews £46 includes taxes & fees 3 Apr - 4 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-03&endDate=2026-04-04&selected=19308498&PinnedHotelID=19308498&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Outdoor pool](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/47000000/46090000/46085900/46085813/18e63c0f.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Cara White House Galle - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning - Breakfast available 9.2 Wonderful 5 reviews £53 includes taxes & fees 27 Mar - 28 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-27&endDate=2026-03-28&selected=46085813&PinnedHotelID=46085813&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Daily English breakfast (USD 10 per person)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/112000000/111450000/111445500/111445415/7dcf6d9b.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Ravo Hotel Galle - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant - Air-conditioning 9.0 Wonderful 12 reviews £63 includes taxes & fees 13 Apr - 14 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-13&endDate=2026-04-14&selected=111445415&PinnedHotelID=111445415&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Compare similar properties](/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-09&endDate=2026-04-10&selected=108717857&PinnedHotelID=108717857&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2&comparePropertyIds=108717857,15679444,29143180,36518501,12577323) ## Property amenities ### Internet - Available in all rooms: Free WiFi - In-room WiFi speed: 50+ Mbps - Available in some public areas: Free WiFi ### Parking and transport - Free secured, covered self parking on site - Limited on-site self parking - Onsite parking options include a carport ### Food and drink - Free English breakfast available daily 7:00 AM to 10:00 AM ### Things to do - TV in common areas ### Family friendly - Laundry facilities ### Conveniences - Laundry facilities - Luggage storage - Shared microwave - Shared refrigerator - Virtual front desk ### Guest services - Change of bedsheets (on request) - Change of towels on request - Dry cleaning/laundry service - Housekeeping on request - Tour and ticket assistance ### Outdoors - Garden - Outdoor furniture - Rooftop terrace ### Accessibility - No lift ### More - Smoke-free property ## Room amenities ### Bathroom - Free toiletries - Private bathroom - Shampoo - Shower - Soap - Toilet paper - Towels provided ### Entertainment - Cable/satellite channels ### More - Desk - Laptop workspace ## Policies ### Check-in Check-in start time: noon; check-in end time: 11:00 PM Late check-in subject to availability ### Check-out Check-out before 11:00 AM ### Special check-in instructions There is no front desk at this property The host will greet guests on arrival A virtual front desk provides assistance to guests Information provided by the property may be translated using automated translation tools ### Access methods Host will greet you ### Pets Pets not allowed ### Children and extra beds Children are welcome ## Important information ### You need to know This property is managed by a private host (a party not acting within their trade, business or profession). EU consumer law, including the right of withdrawal, will not apply to your booking. The cancellation policy set by the private host will cover your booking. Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy Government-issued photo identification and a credit card, debit card or cash deposit may be required at check-in for incidental charges Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges; special requests cannot be guaranteed This property only accepts cash This property has outdoor spaces, such as balconies, patios and terraces, which may not be suitable for children; if you have any concerns, we recommend contacting the property prior to your arrival to confirm that they can accommodate you in a suitable room ### We should mention This property does not have any lifts ### Property is also known as Zara Home Galle Zara Home Bed & breakfast Zara Home Bed & breakfast Galle ## Frequently asked questions ### Is Zara Home pet-friendly? ### How much is parking at Zara Home? ### What time is check-in at Zara Home? ### What time is check-out at Zara Home? ### Where is Zara Home located? ### Can I cancel my reservation for free and receive a full refund? ## Have a question? Beta Get instant answers with AI powered search of property information and reviews. Ask a question ## Reviews ## Zara Home Reviews 9.8 ### Exceptional All reviews shown are from real guest experiences. Only travellers who have booked a stay with us can submit a review. We verify reviews according to our guidelines and publish all reviews, positive or negative.[More information](https://www.expedia.co.uk/lp/b/content-guidelines) ### 9.4 Cleanliness ### 9.2 Amenities ### 10 Staff & service ### 8.8 Property conditions & facilities 10 - Excellent 6 8 - Good 1 6 - Okay 0 4 - Poor 0 2 - Terrible 0 ## Reviews Verified ### 10/10 Excellent #### Satoshi 28 Sept 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities The staff was friendly and the stay was very comfortable. ##### Satoshi Stayed 1 night in Sep 2025 Verified ### 10/10 Excellent #### Karen 20 Mar 2026 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities I booked for 1 day and stayed for over two week. Great value comes with breakfast and the room and bathroom beautiful and clean. The room i stsyrd in was a beautiful surprise. The room is on the second floor in family home. Felt safe and comfortable. ##### Karen Stayed 2 nights in Mar 2026 Verified ### 10/10 Excellent #### Satoshi 27 Sept 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities, property conditions & facilities It's a family run business and everyone is friendly. It's about a 10 minute three-wheeler ride from the station and costs around 300 rupees. ##### Satoshi Stayed 1 night in Sep 2025 Verified ### 10/10 Excellent #### Blossom 27 Oct 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, amenities Helpful and friendly management - very spacious and modern accomodation ##### Blossom Stayed 1 night in Oct 2025 ### Expedia's Latest Trends ### Hotels > - [Turtle Paradise](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Rekawa-Hotels-Turtle-Paradise.h22574689.Hotel-Information) > - [Lantern Boutique Hotel by Reveal](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kamburugamuwa-Hotels-Lantern-Boutique-Hotel.h11531622.Hotel-Information) > - [Tisara Villas](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Koggala-Hotels-Tisara-Villas.h41949021.Hotel-Information) > - [Mandara Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Weligama-Hotels-Mandara-Resort.h7685897.Hotel-Information) > - [Cinnamon Bentota Beach – Signature Selection](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bentota-Hotels-Cinnamon-Bentota-Beach.h36466861.Hotel-Information) > - [The Fortress Resort & Spa Galle](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Koggala-Hotels-The-Fortress-Resort-Spa.h7821441.Hotel-Information) > - [Yala Wilderness Safari Camp](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Tissamaharama-Hotels-Yala-Wilderness-Safari-Camp.h35832683.Hotel-Information) > - [Sattva Ahangama](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ahangama-Hotels-Sattva-Ahangama.h104358883.Hotel-Information) > - [Kahanda Kanda](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Angulugaha-Hotels-Kahanda-Kanda.h11263998.Hotel-Information) > - [NH Bentota Ceysands Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bentota-Hotels-NH-Bentota-Ceysands-Resort.h8146053.Hotel-Information) > - [Heritance Ahungalla](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ahungalla-Hotels-Heritance-Ahungalla.h1526822.Hotel-Information) > - [Ubuntu Beach Villas By Reveal](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kamburugamuwa-Hotels-Ubuntu-Boutique-Hotel-By-Lantern.h15013869.Hotel-Information) > - [The Villa Bentota by KK Collection](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bentota-Hotels-The-Villa-Bentota-By-KK-Collection.h76160201.Hotel-Information) > - [Neem Tree House](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kirinda-Hotels-Neem-Tree-House.h24402503.Hotel-Information) > - [Koggala Beach Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Koggala-Hotels-Koggala-Beach-Hotel.h7871657.Hotel-Information) > - [Nyne Hotels The Muse - Bentota](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bentota-Hotels-Taru-Villas-The-Muse.h20014045.Hotel-Information) > - [Ladja Beach Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ambalanthota-Hotels-Ladja-Beach-Resort.h42476991.Hotel-Information) > - [Galle Fort Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Galle-Hotels-The-Galle-Fort-Hotel.h1342103.Hotel-Information) > - [W15 Weligama](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Weligama-Hotels-W15.h11560777.Hotel-Information) > - [Sooriya Resort & Spa](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Rekawa-Hotels-Sooriya-Resort-Spa.h19652001.Hotel-Information) > - [Weligama Bay Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Weligama-Hotels-Weligama-Bay-Resort.h1487820.Hotel-Information) > - [Talalla Bay Beach House](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Talalla-Hotels-Talalla-Bay-Beach-House.h12686846.Hotel-Information) > - [Talalla Retreat](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Talalla-Hotels-Talalla-Retreat.h7088443.Hotel-Information) > - [Taru Villas The Long House - Bentota](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bentota-Hotels-Taru-Villas-The-Long-House.h27202420.Hotel-Information) > - [Ayurvie Weligama - Ayurvedic Retreat](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Weligama-Hotels-Ayurvie-Retreat-Weligama.h35173513.Hotel-Information) > - [Kethaka Aga](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Thissamaharama-Hotels-Kethaka-Aga.h22876073.Hotel-Information) > - [Tekanda Lodge](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ahangama-Hotels-Tekanda-Lodge.h107597589.Hotel-Information) > - [Mrs Wijenayake's Beach Haven Guest House](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Galle-Hotels-Beach-Haven-Guest-House.h36518501.Hotel-Information) > - [Green Turtle Villa by The Serendipity Collection](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kosgoda-Hotels-Green-Turtle-Villa.h22575245.Hotel-Information) ---