Title: Elia luxury residence Reviews, Deals & Photos 2026 - Expedia.co.uk [See all properties](http://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?regionId=&selected=100020263&adults=2&children=&sort=RECOMMENDED&useRewards=false&semdtl=&userIntent=&vip=false) # Elia luxury residence Travelers find sanctuary in a verdant garden or on a sun-filled patio, enjoying thoughtful conveniences from arrival to departure. ## Photo gallery for Elia luxury residence ![Exterior - Elia luxury residence (Chalcis)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100030000/100020300/100020263/3dd548d7.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=598&ra=fit) ![Panoramic Apartment (Elysia) | Living area | 43-inch Smart TV with digital channels - Elia luxury residence (Chalcis)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100030000/100020300/100020263/778360c7.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Panoramic Apartment (Avra) | Premium bedding, down duvets, pillow-top beds, desk - Elia luxury residence (Chalcis)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100030000/100020300/100020263/3970339b.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Panoramic Apartment (Avra) | Living area | 43-inch Smart TV with digital channels - Elia luxury residence (Chalcis)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100030000/100020300/100020263/9b125b4f.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Front of property - Elia luxury residence (Chalcis)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100030000/100020300/100020263/e7964e58.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) - Overview - Rooms - Location - Policies Elia luxury residence sits in a peaceful environment where guests retreat to an inviting garden and sunlit terrace. The property provides WiFi connectivity, streamlined check-in/check-out procedures, and comfortable outdoor furnishings for relaxation. ## Reviews 10 Exceptional ## Popular amenities - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning - Housekeeping - Kitchen ## Room options ### Check availability for these dates Tonight [Mar 1 - Mar 2](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-01&endDate=2026-03-02&selected=100020263&PinnedHotelID=100020263&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-01&endDate=2026-03-02&selected=100020263&PinnedHotelID=100020263&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) Tomorrow [Mar 2 - Mar 3](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-02&endDate=2026-03-03&selected=100020263&PinnedHotelID=100020263&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-02&endDate=2026-03-03&selected=100020263&PinnedHotelID=100020263&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) This weekend [Mar 6 - Mar 8](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-06&endDate=2026-03-08&selected=100020263&PinnedHotelID=100020263&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-06&endDate=2026-03-08&selected=100020263&PinnedHotelID=100020263&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) Next weekend [Mar 13 - Mar 15](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-13&endDate=2026-03-15&selected=100020263&PinnedHotelID=100020263&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-13&endDate=2026-03-15&selected=100020263&PinnedHotelID=100020263&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ### View all photos for Panoramic Apartment (Avra) ![Panoramic Apartment (Avra) | Living area | 43-inch Smart TV with digital channels](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100030000/100020300/100020263/9b125b4f.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Panoramic Apartment (Avra) ### Highlights Balcony or patio Garden Soundproofed Air conditioning Heating Free cots/infant beds Kitchen Full-sized fridge/freezer - 2 bedrooms - Sleeps 4 - 2 Queen Beds ### View all photos for Panoramic Apartment (Elysia) ![Panoramic Apartment (Elysia) | Living area | 43-inch Smart TV with digital channels](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100030000/100020300/100020263/81dee7db.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Panoramic Apartment (Elysia) ### Highlights Balcony or patio Garden Soundproofed Air conditioning Heating Free cots/infant beds Kitchen Full-sized fridge/freezer - 2 bedrooms - Sleeps 4 - 2 Queen Beds ### View all photos for Comfort Apartment, Ground Floor (Armonia) ![Comfort Apartment, Ground Floor (Armonia) | Living area | 43-inch Smart TV with digital channels](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100030000/100020300/100020263/732f007b.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Comfort Apartment, Ground Floor (Armonia) ### Highlights Balcony or patio Garden Soundproofed Air conditioning Heating Free cots/infant beds Kitchen Full-sized fridge/freezer - 1 bedroom - Sleeps 3 - 1 Queen Bed and 1 Single Sofa Bed ![Mod logo](https://a.travel-assets.com/pricing-claim/sparkle_dark.svg) Sign in to view eligible discounts and perks. More rewards for more adventures! [Sign in](https://www.expedia.co.uk/login?ckoflag=0&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FChalcis-Hotels-Elia-Luxury-Residence.h100020263.Hotel-Information)[Sign up, it's free](https://www.expedia.co.uk/signup?enable_registration=true&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FChalcis-Hotels-Elia-Luxury-Residence.h100020263.Hotel-Information) ## About the area Chalcis is home to Elia luxury residence. Fortress of Karababa and Church of Agios Georgios Arma are local landmarks, and some of the area's activities can be experienced at Chalkida Tennis Court and Tzivani Winery Museum. Looking to enjoy an event or a game while in town? See what's happening at National Stadium of Chalkida or Football Field. [Visit our Chalcis travel guide](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Chalcis.dx601807) [View more Guest houses in Chalcis](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Chalcis-Guest-Houses.d601807-aaGuestHouses.Travel-Guide-Accommodation) ![Map](https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?&size=660x330&map_id=3b266eb50d2997c6&zoom=13&markers=icon:https%3A%2F%2Fa.travel-assets.com%2Ftravel-assets-manager%2Feg-maps%2Fproperty.png%7C38.46654%2C23.57608&channel=expedia-HotelInformation&maptype=roadmap&scale=1&key=AIzaSyCYjQus5kCufOpSj932jFoR_AJiL9yiwOw&signature=rEoLRv96Lmt2cLPX0LqNBalkBYo=) 2 Petmeza, Chalcis, 341 00 ### What's nearby - Fortress of Karababa 12 min walk \- 0.7 miles - Asteria Beach 15 min walk \- 0.8 miles - Rodiés 17 min walk \- 0.9 miles - Chalcis Archaeological Museum 2 min drive \- 1.2 miles - Ágios Minás 6 min drive \- 1.7 miles ### Restaurants - Pikantiko 17 min walk - Γουναροπουλος Κανηθος 14 min walk - Asteria 16 min walk - Eubous 15 min walk - Ψαροταβέρνα - Ουζερί 'Χαρά' 17 min walk ## About this property ### Elia luxury residence Upscale guest house Elia luxury residence provides amenities, such as a terrace and a garden. Stay connected with free in-room WiFi. Other perks include: - Express check-out, express check-in and outdoor furniture Room features All guest rooms at Elia luxury residence include thoughtful touches, such as premium bedding and pillow menus, in addition to amenities, such as free WiFi and air conditioning. Other conveniences in all rooms include: - Hypo-allergenic bedding, pillowtop mattresses and down duvets - Bathrooms with hydromassage showers and hairdryers - 43-inch Smart TVs with digital channels - Private gardens, wardrobes/cupboards and kitchens ## Similar properties ![Mediterranean cuisine](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/330000/327300/327218/1724562b.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Lucy Hotel Chalcis - All-inclusive - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant - Air-conditioning 7.6 Good 123 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-15&endDate=2026-03-16&selected=327218&PinnedHotelID=327218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Aerial view](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/79000000/78130000/78126400/78126374/0266775f.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Brown Beach Chalkida Resort, a member of Brown Hotels Chalcis - Pool - Pet-friendly - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 8.6 Excellent 45 reviews £299 includes taxes & fees 30 Mar - 31 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-30&endDate=2026-03-31&selected=78126374&PinnedHotelID=78126374&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Seasonal outdoor pool](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/106000000/105480000/105475700/105475648/bbd6ee9d.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Blue Marine Village Chalcis - On private beach - Pool - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 9.2 Wonderful 9 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-15&endDate=2026-03-16&selected=105475648&PinnedHotelID=105475648&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Lunch and dinner served, Greek cuisine](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/22000000/21410000/21408200/21408130/debcd867.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Almira Mare Chalcis - Pool - Kids’ pool - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 9.4 Exceptional 42 reviews £84 includes taxes & fees 10 Mar - 11 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-10&endDate=2026-03-11&selected=21408130&PinnedHotelID=21408130&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Front of property](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/3000000/2560000/2559700/2559604/17e9a270.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Paliria Hotel Chalcis - Breakfast included - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant - Air-conditioning 8.0 Very good 141 reviews £82 includes taxes & fees 3 Mar - 4 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-03&endDate=2026-03-04&selected=2559604&PinnedHotelID=2559604&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![On the beach](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/22000000/21160000/21151000/21150951/bea559fc.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Hotel Poseidon Chalcis - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant - Air-conditioning 10 Exceptional 4 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-15&endDate=2026-03-16&selected=21150951&PinnedHotelID=21150951&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Terrace/patio](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/23000000/22410000/22403800/22403788/d34a7af1.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Anthidon Nature Estate & Farm Chalcis - Pool - Pet-friendly - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 9.2 Wonderful 19 reviews £96 includes taxes & fees 8 Mar - 9 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-08&endDate=2026-03-09&selected=22403788&PinnedHotelID=22403788&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Breakfast, lunch, dinner served; Greek cuisine, sea views ](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/12000000/11080000/11070700/11070693/43b55b37.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Kastalia Boutique Hotel Delphi - Pet-friendly - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant - Air-conditioning 9.0 Wonderful 630 reviews £63 includes taxes & fees 11 Mar - 12 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-11&endDate=2026-03-12&selected=11070693&PinnedHotelID=11070693&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Apartment, 1 Bedroom, Refrigerator & Microwave | Extra beds](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/35000000/34530000/34520700/34520620/09d73b2c.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Chalkida Apartments Chalcis - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning - Laundry room - Microwave 10 Exceptional 6 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-15&endDate=2026-03-16&selected=34520620&PinnedHotelID=34520620&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![In-room safe, soundproofing, iron/ironing board, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100360000/100351600/100351519/0f2c6ad8.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### V Hotel Delphi Delphi - Breakfast included - Spa - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant 9.4 Exceptional 76 reviews £93 includes taxes & fees 3 Mar - 4 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-03&endDate=2026-03-04&selected=100351519&PinnedHotelID=100351519&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Compare similar properties](/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-15&endDate=2026-03-16&selected=100020263&PinnedHotelID=100020263&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2&comparePropertyIds=100020263,327218,78126374,105475648,21408130) ## Property amenities ### Internet - Available in all rooms: Free WiFi - In-room WiFi speed: 50+ Mbps ### Parking and transport - No on-site parking available ### Things to do - Archery ### Family friendly - In-room full-sized refrigerator/freezer - In-room kitchen - In-room microwave - Soundproofed rooms ### Conveniences - Lockers ### Guest services - Housekeeping (daily) ### Outdoors - Garden - Outdoor furniture - Terrace ### Accessibility - If you have requests for specific accessibility needs, please contact the property using the information on the reservation confirmation received after booking. - No lift - Well-lit path to entrance - Wheelchair accessible (may have limitations) ### More - Designated smoking areas ## Room amenities ### Bedroom - Blackout drapes - Down comforter - Hypo-allergenic bedding - Pillow menu - Pillowtop mattress - Premium bedding ### Bathroom - Hair dryer - Hydromassage showerhead - Private bathroom - Shower - Towels provided ### Entertainment - 43-inch smart TV with digital channels ### Food and drink - Cleaning supplies - Cookware, dishware, and utensils - Electric kettle - Freezer - Full-sized refrigerator/freezer - Hob - Kitchen - Kitchen island - Microwave - Oven - Paper towels - Toaster ### More - Air conditioning - Desk - Heating - Iron/ironing board - Soundproofed rooms - Window screens ## Policies ### Check-in Check-in start time: 3:00 PM; check-in end time: 11:00 PM Express check-in available Minimum check-in age - 18 ### Check-out Check-out before 11:00 AM Express check-out available ### Special check-in instructions There is no front desk at this property Guests planning to arrive outside normal check-in hours will receive an email within 24 hours before arrival with check-in instructions and lockbox information; your host will greet you To make arrangements for check-in please contact the property at least 24 hours before arrival using the information on the booking confirmation If you are planning to arrive after 9:00 PM please contact the property in advance using the information on the booking confirmation Information provided by the property may be translated using automated translation tools ### Access methods Host will greet you, lockbox ### Pets Pets not allowed ### Children and extra beds Children are welcome ### Payment types at the property ## Important information ### Fees You'll be asked to pay the following charges at the property. Fees may include applicable taxes: - A tax is imposed by the city and collected at the property. This tax is adjusted seasonally and might not apply all year round. Other exemptions or reductions may apply. For more details, please contact the property using the information on the reservation confirmation received after booking. - A tax is imposed by the city: From 1 November to 31 March, EUR 0.50 per accommodation, per night - A tax is imposed by the city: From 1 April to 31 October, EUR 2.00 per accommodation, per night We have included all charges provided to us by the property. ### You need to know This property is managed by a private host (a party not acting within their trade, business or profession). EU consumer law, including the right of withdrawal, will not apply to your booking. The cancellation policy set by the private host will cover your booking. Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy Government-issued photo identification and a credit card, debit card or cash deposit may be required at check-in for incidental charges Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges; special requests cannot be guaranteed This property accepts credit cards, debit cards and cash Safety features at this property include a fire extinguisher This property has outdoor spaces, such as balconies, patios and terraces, which may not be suitable for children; if you have any concerns, we recommend contacting the property prior to your arrival to confirm that they can accommodate you in a suitable room Property Registration Number 00002163923 ### We should mention This property does not have any lifts Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 500, due to national regulations; for further details, please contact the property using the information in the booking confirmation ### Property is also known as Elia luxury residence Chalcis Elia luxury residence Guesthouse Elia luxury residence Guesthouse Chalcis ## Frequently asked questions ### Is Elia luxury residence pet-friendly? ### How much is parking at Elia luxury residence? ### What time is check-in at Elia luxury residence? ### What time is check-out at Elia luxury residence? ### Where is Elia luxury residence located? ## Have a question? Beta Get instant answers with AI powered search of property information and reviews. Ask a question ## Reviews ## Elia luxury residence Reviews 10 ### Exceptional All reviews shown are from real guest experiences. Only travellers who have booked a stay with us can submit a review. We verify reviews according to our guidelines and publish all reviews, positive or negative.[More information](https://www.expedia.co.uk/lp/b/content-guidelines) ### 10 Cleanliness ### 10 Staff & service ### 10 Property conditions & facilities 10 - Excellent 1 8 - Good 0 6 - Okay 0 4 - Poor 0 2 - Terrible 0 ## Reviews ### 10/10 Excellent #### Athanasios 21 May 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities ##### Athanasios Stayed 9 nights in May 2025 ## Expedia's Latest Trends ### Hotels > [Rocrita Lifestyle Beach Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Sitia-Hotels-Rocrita-Lifestyle-Beach-Resort.h35117520.Hotel-Information) > > [Atrium Prestige Thalasso Spa Resort & Villas](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Rhodes-Hotels-Atrium-Prestige-Thalasso-Spa-Resort-Villas.h2276693.Hotel-Information) > > [Filoxenia Hotel Zakynthos](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Zakynthos-Hotels-Filoxenia-Hotel-All-Inclusive.h1457174.Hotel-Information) > > [Hydra Beach Resort ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ermionida-Hotels-Hydra-Beach-Resort.h6018867.Hotel-Information) > > [Jasmine Apartments](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Eretria-Hotels-Jasmine-Apartments.h34600687.Hotel-Information) > > [Domes Zeen Chania, a Luxury Collection Resort, Crete](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Chania-Hotels-Domes-Zeen-Chania.h25749963.Hotel-Information) > > [North Santorini - A Luxury Spa Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Santorini-Hotels-North-Santorini-A-Luxury-Spa-Hotel.h18550246.Hotel-Information) > > [Kastalia Boutique Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Delphi-Hotels-Kastalia-Boutique-Hotel.h11070693.Hotel-Information) > > [Zeus Eretria Resort ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Eretria-Hotels-Eretria-Hotel-Spa-Resort.h64662157.Hotel-Information) > > [Eden View Suites & Villas](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Mykonos-Hotels-Eden-View-Suites-Villas.h23654232.Hotel-Information) > > [Minos Ambassador - Adults only](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Rethymno-Hotels-Minos-Ambassador.h45826210.Hotel-Information) > > [MarBella, Mar-Bella Collection](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Corfu-Hotels-MarBella-Corfu.h525817.Hotel-Information) > > [Harmony E Rock Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ierapetra-Hotels-Harmony-E-Rock-Hotel.h8172496.Hotel-Information) > > [Luxury mountain Chalet, with private sauna and shared pool (ground level)](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Karpenisi-Hotels-Luxury-Mountain-Chalet.h37006451.Hotel-Information) > > [Paros Afrodite Luxury Villas ,Private Pool ,Quiet, Charming & Fantastic View](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Paros-Hotels-Villa.h27442480.Hotel-Information) > > [Loggos Seaview Cottage with Pool by Konnect](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Paxos-Hotels-Loggos-Private-Pool-Cottage-Misoula-By-Konnect.h31070258.Hotel-Information) > > [Aeolos Beach Resort All Inclusive](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Corfu-Hotels-Aeolos-Beach-Resort-All-Inclusive.h922551.Hotel-Information) > > [Schiza Houses](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kalamata-Hotels-Schiza-Houses.h49106975.Hotel-Information) > > [Valmar Corfu](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Zakynthos-Hotels-King-Jason-Zante-Designed-For-Adults.h96167798.Hotel-Information) > > [Stone house with private pool near the sea!!!](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dirfys-Messapia-Hotels-Stone-House-With-Private-Pool-Near-The-Sea.h29488863.Hotel-Information) > > [Grecotel Daphnila Bay](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Corfu-Hotels-Grecotel-LUXME-Daphnila-Bay-Dassia-All-Inclusive.h3444243.Hotel-Information) > > [Sunrise Village Beach](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kalamata-Hotels-Sunrise-Village-Beach.h1314251.Hotel-Information) > > [Evia Riviera Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Eretria-Hotels-Amarynthos-Resort.h36262194.Hotel-Information) > > [Amirandes, A Grecotel Resort to Live](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hersonissos-Hotels-Amirandes-Grecotel-Boutique-Resort.h1862564.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotel Delphi Beach - All Inclusive](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dorida-Hotels-HOTEL-DELPHI-BEACH.h49165696.Hotel-Information) > > [Villa Amorossa with Garden View & Shared Pool by Konnect, Roda Corfu](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Corfu-Hotels-Amorossa-Village.h65345223.Hotel-Information) > > [Mitsis Galini](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Molos-Agios-Konstantinos-Hotels-Mitsis-Galini-Wellness-Spa-Resort.h969819.Hotel-Information) > > [Moonlight Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hersonissos-Hotels-Moonlight-Hotel.h19477661.Hotel-Information) > > [Mythos Palace Resort - Adults only](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Corfu-Hotels-Hotel-Kairaba-Mythos-Palace.h45240268.Hotel-Information) ---