Title: Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room Reviews, Deals & Photos 2026 - Expedia.co.uk [See all properties](http://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?regionId=&selected=100118364&adults=2&children=&sort=RECOMMENDED&useRewards=false&semdtl=&userIntent=&vip=false) # Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room A luxurious Balinese retreat where ancient architecture meets natural beauty, with wellness amenities and recreational options for both relaxation and adventure ## Photo gallery for Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room ![Outdoor pool - Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room (Badung)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100120000/100118400/100118364/88034cfc.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=598&ra=fit) ![Property video](https://mediaim.expedia.com/video/9A1CB9973399C0715D59CB4C219CD018/ec6a40a5-8e3d-473b-a082-e1b37b172f10-thumbnail.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=1280) ![Spa - Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room (Badung)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100120000/100118400/100118364/263416de.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Bar (on property) - Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room (Badung)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100120000/100118400/100118364/f0f2a817.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Exterior - Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room (Badung)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/101000000/100120000/100118400/100118364/90d2f8a5.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) - Overview - Rooms - Location - Policies Permata Ayung Private Estate offers a peaceful Bali escape with antique structures and spacious accommodations. Enjoy terraces with views of rice fields and the Ayung River. Includes breakfast, massage services, sauna, gym, and a playground. ## Popular amenities - Pool - Hot tub - Breakfast included - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning - Gym ## Check prices for these days [Tonight ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-04&endDate=2026-03-05&selected=100118364&PinnedHotelID=100118364&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-04&endDate=2026-03-05&selected=100118364&PinnedHotelID=100118364&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Tomorrow ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-05&endDate=2026-03-06&selected=100118364&PinnedHotelID=100118364&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-05&endDate=2026-03-06&selected=100118364&PinnedHotelID=100118364&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [This weekend ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-06&endDate=2026-03-08&selected=100118364&PinnedHotelID=100118364&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-06&endDate=2026-03-08&selected=100118364&PinnedHotelID=100118364&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Next weekend ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-13&endDate=2026-03-15&selected=100118364&PinnedHotelID=100118364&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-13&endDate=2026-03-15&selected=100118364&PinnedHotelID=100118364&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ## Room options ![Mod logo](https://a.travel-assets.com/pricing-claim/sparkle_dark.svg) Sign in to view eligible discounts and perks. More rewards for more adventures! [Sign in](https://www.expedia.co.uk/login?ckoflag=0&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FUbud-Hotels-Permata-Ayung-Exclusive-Private-Estate-Sanctuary-With-10-Rooms-And-2-Twin-Room.h100118364.Hotel-Information)[Sign up, it's free](https://www.expedia.co.uk/signup?enable_registration=true&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FUbud-Hotels-Permata-Ayung-Exclusive-Private-Estate-Sanctuary-With-10-Rooms-And-2-Twin-Room.h100118364.Hotel-Information) ## About the area Located in Ubud, this resort is in a rural area and on a river. Ubud Palace is a notable landmark, and the area's natural beauty can be seen at Ubud Monkey Forest and Echo Beach. Looking to enjoy an event or a game while in town? See what's going on at Finns Tennis, or consider a night out at Atlas Beach Fest. Scuba diving and snorkelling offer great chances to get out on the surrounding water, or you can seek out an adventure with ecotours and mountain biking nearby. [Visit our Ubud travel guide](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ubud.dx12094) [View more Resorts in Ubud](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ubud-Hotel-Resorts.d12094-aaHotelResorts.Travel-Guide-Accommodation) ![Map](https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?&size=660x330&map_id=3b266eb50d2997c6&zoom=13&markers=icon:https%3A%2F%2Fa.travel-assets.com%2Ftravel-assets-manager%2Feg-maps%2Fproperty.png%7C-8.51107%2C115.22805&channel=expedia-HotelInformation&maptype=roadmap&scale=1&key=AIzaSyCYjQus5kCufOpSj932jFoR_AJiL9yiwOw&signature=EDd2EIsY_dbIIakqUbx_oZ5katg=) Badung, Bali ### What's nearby - ![Arma Museum which includes religious elements, a temple or place of worship and a monument](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/6156032/b9c775f4-eff4-41d9-9158-961cdee6feef.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Agung Rai Museum of Art 14 min drive \- 5.7 miles - ![Ubud Monkey Forest featuring heritage architecture and a temple or place of worship](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/6055792/7ab4ff73-39bd-4f84-9c03-4e5f11618a2a.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Ubud Monkey Forest 15 min drive \- 5.1 miles - Scenic Rice Paddy Walk 10 min drive \- 2.9 miles - John Hardy Ubud Design Studio and Workshop 10 min drive \- 3.3 miles - Gaya Art Space 11 min drive \- 2.0 miles ### Getting around - Denpasar (DPS-Ngurah Rai Intl.) 74 min drive ### Restaurants - Story Coffee & Eatery 5 min drive - Arya Arkananta Eco Resort & Spa 9 min drive - Indochine Dine & Lounge - Vietnamese Restaurant 8 min drive - Dining Corner Restaurant 7 min drive - RM. Simpang Tiga 5 min drive ## About this property ### Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room Resort near Ubud Monkey Forest You can look forward to free breakfast, a garden and a playground at Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room. For some rest and relaxation, visit the sauna or hot tub, and indulge in a massage. In addition to laundry facilities and a gym, guests can connect to free in-room WiFi, with a speed of 25+ Mbps. You'll also enjoy perks such as: - An outdoor pool - Limo/town car service, an electric car charging station and local meal delivery service - Barbecues, secured bike storage and outdoor furniture - Books and concierge services Room features All guest rooms at Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room offer comforts, such as private pools and fireplaces, as well as thoughtful touches, such as air conditioning and separate dining areas. Extra amenities include: - 6 bathrooms with Jetted bath and showers - Porches or lanais, outdoor lighting and separate dining areas ## Similar properties ![Outdoor pool](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/91000000/90080000/90072500/90072416/6d4bd6f1.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Campuhan Sebatu Resort Sebatu - Pool - Breakfast included - Spa - Parking included 8.4 Very good 6 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-18&endDate=2026-03-19&selected=90072416&PinnedHotelID=90072416&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Outdoor pool](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/102000000/101210000/101203300/101203218/a05f0bf4.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### GK Bali Resort Sebatu - Pool - Breakfast included - Spa - Parking included 10 Exceptional 5 reviews £186 includes taxes & fees 5 Mar - 6 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-05&endDate=2026-03-06&selected=101203218&PinnedHotelID=101203218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Outdoor pool](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/119000000/118940000/118936800/118936706/8e6ab907.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Darsa House Ubud Ubud City-Centre - Pool - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Housekeeping 8.4 Very good 6 reviews £15 includes taxes & fees 5 Mar - 6 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-05&endDate=2026-03-06&selected=118936706&PinnedHotelID=118936706&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Superior King Room | Blackout curtains, free WiFi](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/18000000/17070000/17062400/17062351/24f58368.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Warji House 1 Ubud City-Centre - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning - Breakfast available 8.4 Very good 81 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-18&endDate=2026-03-19&selected=17062351&PinnedHotelID=17062351&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Lounge](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/107000000/106500000/106490100/106490100/1f884ed8.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### ARNA Suites and Ocean Lounge Ceningan Island - Pool - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant 9.6 Exceptional 26 reviews £76 includes taxes & fees 5 Mar - 6 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-05&endDate=2026-03-06&selected=106490100&PinnedHotelID=106490100&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Separate bathtub and shower, deep-soaking bathtub, rainfall showerhead](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/9000000/8760000/8757400/8757387/8ac49295.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Villa Kemuning Ubud Tegallalang - Pool - Breakfast included - Spa - Parking included 8.2 Very good 11 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-18&endDate=2026-03-19&selected=8757387&PinnedHotelID=8757387&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Exterior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/123000000/122920000/122915100/122915032/f22c8a5f.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Oka Suite Ubud by Dhananjaya Hospitality Sebatu - Pool - Spa - Kids’ pool - Parking included £21 includes taxes & fees 7 Mar - 8 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-07&endDate=2026-03-08&selected=122915032&PinnedHotelID=122915032&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Outdoor pool, pool umbrellas, pool loungers](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/58000000/57560000/57555400/57555339/105e2654.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Yanyan Resort Ubud Sukawati - Pool - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant £113 includes taxes & fees 5 Mar - 6 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-05&endDate=2026-03-06&selected=57555339&PinnedHotelID=57555339&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Interior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/2000000/1700000/1696200/1696114/3ff9d97b.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Aniniraka Resort & Spa Ubud - Pool - Kids’ pool - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 8.4 Very good 348 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-18&endDate=2026-03-19&selected=1696114&PinnedHotelID=1696114&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Room, Garden View | Garden view](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/15000000/14650000/14646200/14646116/0df76c6d.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### The Tunjung Ubud Retreat Ubud City-Centre - Pool - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning 8.6 Excellent 237 reviews £23 includes taxes & fees 11 Mar - 12 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-11&endDate=2026-03-12&selected=14646116&PinnedHotelID=14646116&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Compare similar properties](/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-18&endDate=2026-03-19&selected=100118364&PinnedHotelID=100118364&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2&comparePropertyIds=100118364,90072416,101203218,118936706,17062351) ## Property amenities ### Internet - Available in all rooms: Free WiFi - In-room WiFi speed: 25+ Mbps - Available in some public areas: Internet access ### Parking and transport - Electric car charging station on site - Limo/town car service - Wheelchair-accessible parking and van parking available - Onsite parking options include a garage ### Food and drink - Free breakfast available ### Things to do - Bicycle storage - Books - Gym - Hot tub - Outdoor pool - Playground - Sauna - Stereo ### Conveniences - Laundry facilities ### Guest services - Change of bedsheets (on request) - Change of towels on request - Concierge services - Housekeeping (limited availability) ### Outdoors - Barbecue grill - Garden - On a river - Outdoor furniture ### Spa - Massage ### Accessibility - If you have requests for specific accessibility needs, please contact the property using the information on the reservation confirmation received after booking. - 1 accessible parking space - 2 steps to reach entrance - Hardwood flooring in public areas - Single level property - Smooth flooring in public areas - Upper floors accessible by stairs only - Well-lit path to entrance - Wheelchair-accessible parking - Wheelchair-accessible path of travel - Wheelchair-accessible pool - Wheelchair-accessible van parking ### More - At least 80% lighting from LEDs - At least 80% of food locally-sourced - At least 80% organic food - Designated smoking areas - Local culture and ecosystem education - Locally-owned and organised tours and activities - Note from host: Please be responsible with surround area. - Vegan dining options - Vegetarian breakfast available - Vegetarian dining options ## Room amenities ### Bedroom - Bedsheets provided ### Bathroom - 6 bathrooms - Bathtub or shower - Bidet - Hair dryer - Jetted bathtub - Shampoo - Shower - Soap - Toilet paper - Towels provided ### Entertainment - Private pool - Smart TV ### Food and drink - Blender - Chef service - Coffee/tea maker - Cookware, dishware, and utensils - Dining table - Dishwasher - Electric kettle - Hob - Kitchen - Kitchen island - Meal delivery service - Microwave - Oven - Refrigerator - Separate dining area - Spices - Toaster ### More - Air conditioning - Desk - Desk chair - Dryer - Energy-saving switches in guestrooms - Fireplace - Heating - Iron/ironing board - Living room - Phone - Printer - Safe ## Policies ### Check-in Check-in time starts at 2:00 PM ### Check-out Check-out before 12:00 PM ### Special check-in instructions You will receive an email from the host with check-in and check-out instructions Information provided by the property may be translated using automated translation tools ### Check-out instructions The host requires you to complete the following before checking out: Gather used towels Remove personal items Return the keys Please let staff know that you are going to check out so they could help you to handle your luggage to bring to the lobby Failure to complete these may result in a negative review from the host. ### Rules to reduce noisy after 11 pm to respect with neighbor. Please cooperate in maintaining room and surrounding environment because our property is very antique and mostly materials by wood. Once planning to do a party, please communicate with staff for further assistant required. ### Pets Pets not allowed ### Children and extra beds Children are welcome Note from host: with parent supervision and responsibility ### Events Events allowed: family gatherings, birthday parties, weddings Should block all property for privacy and comfort ### Smoking Smoking allowed: in designated areas Please be responsible with surround area. ## Important information ### You need to know This property is managed by a professional host. The provision of housing is linked to their trade, business or profession. Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy Government-issued photo identification and a credit card, debit card or cash deposit may be required at check-in for incidental charges Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges; special requests cannot be guaranteed Cashless transactions are available Parties and events (including family gatherings, birthday parties and weddings) are allowed on site. Maximum attendees: 99 Note from host: Should block all property for privacy and comfort Long-term renters welcome Seniors-only community. Safety features at this property include a fire extinguisher, a first aid kit and a deadbolt lock This property is managed through our partner, Vrbo. You will receive an email from Vrbo with a link to a Vrbo account, where you can change or cancel your reservation Property Registration Number 0220005500064 If you cancel your booking, you'll be subject to the host's cancellation policy. In accordance with UK consumer law, property booking services are not subject to the right of withdrawal. ### We should mention This property does not have any lifts ## Frequently asked questions ### Does Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room have a pool? ### Is Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room pet-friendly? ### How much is parking at Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room? ### What time is check-in at Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room? ### What time is check-out at Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room? ### Where is Permata Ayung - Exclusive Private Estate Sanctuary with 10 rooms and 2 twin room located? ## Have a question? Beta Get instant answers with AI powered search of property information and reviews. Ask a question ### Expedia's Latest Trends ### Hotels > - [Adiwana Dara Ayu](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Payangan-Hotels-Adiwana-Dara-Ayu.h9679467.Hotel-Information) > - [Ubud Mas Glamping Luxury Tent](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Mas-Hotels-Ubud-Mas-Glamping-Luxury-Tent.h106753795.Hotel-Information) > - [Bali Villa Near the Beach, 2023](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kerobokan-Hotels-5-Star-Villa-In-Bali.h48459311.Hotel-Information) > - [Puri Ganesha Villas](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pemuteran-Hotels-Puri-Ganesha-Villas.h20041125.Hotel-Information) > - [Seascape Resort & Spa Uluwatu by Ini Vie Hospitality](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pecatu-Hotels-Seascape-Luxury-Resort-Uluwatu.h112628480.Hotel-Information) > - [Wapa di Ume Sidemen](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Sidemen-Hotels-Wapa-Di-Ume-Sidemen.h22696940.Hotel-Information) > - [Bambootel Sawah View](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Tampaksiring-Hotels-Bambootel-Sawah-View.h95999779.Hotel-Information) > - [Taman Sari Bali Resort & Spa](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pemuteran-Hotels-Taman-Sari-Bali-Resort-Spa.h4200679.Hotel-Information) > - [Munduk Moding Plantation Nature Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Gobleg-Hotels-Munduk-Moding-Plantation.h4862440.Hotel-Information) > - [The Kayon Jungle Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Payangan-Hotels-The-Kayon-Jungle-Resort-By-Pramana.h27273708.Hotel-Information) > - [Hideaway Villas Bali – Uluwatu by Kanaan Hospitality](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pecatu-Hotels-Hideaway-Villas-Bali.h13123041.Hotel-Information) > - [Airship Bali by Alex Villas](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pecatu-Hotels-Airship-Bali.h82621687.Hotel-Information) > - [Adiwana Warnakali Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Penida-Island-Hotels-Adiwana-Warnakali-Resort.h42540731.Hotel-Information) > - [ARNA Suites and Ocean Lounge](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ceningan-Island-Hotels-Arna-Ocean-Lounge-Glamping.h106490100.Hotel-Information) > - [Jumeirah Bali](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pecatu-Hotels-Jumeirah-Bali.h41889460.Hotel-Information) > - [PinkCoco Uluwatu - Constant Surprises & for Cool Adults Only](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pecatu-Hotels-PinkCoco-Bali.h4790082.Hotel-Information) > - [Ubud Art Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Mas-Hotels-Uma-DMas-Villa.h42683888.Hotel-Information) > - [Karma Kandara](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ungasan-Hotels-Karma-Kandara.h2309193.Hotel-Information) > - [Hideout Eco Bamboo House Bali](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Selat-Hotels-Hideout-Bali-By-Ini-Vie-Hospitality.h94724823.Hotel-Information) > - [Mason Elephant Lodge](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Taro-Hotels-Mason-Elephant-Lodge.h2454938.Hotel-Information) > - [Sanctoo Suites and Villas](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Sukawati-Hotels-Sanctoo-Suites-And-Villas.h12714690.Hotel-Information) > - [Bubble Hotel Bali Ubud - Glamping](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Tampaksiring-Hotels-Ubud-Bubble-Luxury-Tent-Glamping.h32420179.Hotel-Information) > - [Elevate Bali](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Munduk-Hotels-Elevate-Bali-By-Hanging-Gardens-Munduk.h76883145.Hotel-Information) > - [Kawi Resort A Spiritual Sanctuary to Escape](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Tampaksiring-Hotels-Kawi-Resort-By-Pramana.h14993471.Hotel-Information) > - [Semabu Hills Hotel Nusa Penida - Bali](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Penida-Island-Hotels-Semabu-Hills-Hotel-Nusa-Penida-Bali.h19438626.Hotel-Information) > - [The Leaf Jimbaran](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Jimbaran-Hotels-The-Leaf-Jimbaran-Bali-Luxurious-Villa-Retreat.h12074558.Hotel-Information) > - [Adi Assri Beach Resort & Spa](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pemuteran-Hotels-Adi-Assri-Beach-Resort-Spa.h5477331.Hotel-Information) > - [HARRIS Hotel Kuta Tuban Bali](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kuta-Hotels-Harris-Hotel-Tuban.h4015133.Hotel-Information) > - [The Ungasan Clifftop Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Pecatu-Hotels-The-Ungasan-Clifftop-Resort.h15375720.Hotel-Information) ---