Title: Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat Reviews, Deals & Photos 2026 - Expedia.co.uk [See all properties](http://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?regionId=3000003159&destination=Kahandamodara%2C+Southern+Province%2C+Sri+Lanka&selected=11768218&adults=2&children=&sort=RECOMMENDED&useRewards=false&semdtl=&userIntent=&vip=false) # Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat Nature surrounds this tranquil wellness retreat where spa treatments melt away stress and the peaceful setting helps visitors recharge with fresh air ## Photo gallery for Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat ![Interior - Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat (Kahandamodara)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/12000000/11770000/11768300/11768218/9a231aac.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=598&ra=fit) ![Outdoor pool - Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat (Kahandamodara)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/12000000/11770000/11768300/11768218/a9376c95.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Beach volleyball - Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat (Kahandamodara)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/12000000/11770000/11768300/11768218/7aba5ad7.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![In-room safe, free WiFi, bed sheets - Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat (Kahandamodara)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/12000000/11770000/11768300/11768218/c0e9b5d0.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Living room - Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat (Kahandamodara)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/12000000/11770000/11768300/11768218/44aa5fbb.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) - Overview - Rooms - Location - Policies Back of Beyond - Wellness Retreat offers a serene environment focused on relaxation and rejuvenation. Guests start their day with a cooked-to-order breakfast before unwinding in the steam room or choosing from therapeutic spa treatments including reflexology and thalassotherapy. ## Reviews 10 Exceptional ## Popular amenities - Pool - Breakfast included - Spa - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Air-conditioning £54 includes taxes & fees 6 Apr - 7 Apr ## Room options ### Check availability for these dates Tonight [Mar 29 - Mar 30](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-29&endDate=2026-03-30&selected=11768218&PinnedHotelID=11768218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-29&endDate=2026-03-30&selected=11768218&PinnedHotelID=11768218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) Tomorrow [Mar 30 - Mar 31](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-30&endDate=2026-03-31&selected=11768218&PinnedHotelID=11768218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-30&endDate=2026-03-31&selected=11768218&PinnedHotelID=11768218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) This weekend [Apr 3 - Apr 5](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-03&endDate=2026-04-05&selected=11768218&PinnedHotelID=11768218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-03&endDate=2026-04-05&selected=11768218&PinnedHotelID=11768218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) Next weekend [Apr 10 - Apr 12](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-10&endDate=2026-04-12&selected=11768218&PinnedHotelID=11768218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-10&endDate=2026-04-12&selected=11768218&PinnedHotelID=11768218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) All rooms 1 bed 3+ beds Showing 4 of 4 rooms ### Cottage - Garden view - 215 sq ft - Sleeps 3 - 1 Double Bed ### Villa, 2 Bedrooms - 4 bedrooms - Sleeps 5 - 4 Single Beds ### Family Bungalow - Garden view - 4 bedrooms - Sleeps 8 - 8 Single Beds and 2 Queen Beds ### Deluxe Double Room - Garden view - 144 sq ft - Sleeps 3 - 1 Queen Bed ![Mod logo](https://a.travel-assets.com/pricing-claim/sparkle_dark.svg) Sign in to view eligible discounts and perks. More rewards for more adventures! [Sign in](https://www.expedia.co.uk/login?ckoflag=0&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FKahandamodara-Hotels-Back-Of-Beyond-Wellness-Retreat.h11768218.Hotel-Information)[Sign up, it's free](https://www.expedia.co.uk/signup?enable_registration=true&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FKahandamodara-Hotels-Back-Of-Beyond-Wellness-Retreat.h11768218.Hotel-Information) ## About the area Located in Kahandamodara, Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat is in a rural area. Tangalle Lighthouse and Ramba Raja Maha Viharaya are local landmarks, and some of the area's attractions include Kalametiya Bird Sanctuary and Turtle Watch Rekawa. Dry Zone Botanical Garden and Ridiyagama Safari Park are also worth visiting. Discover the area's water adventures with kayaking and boat tours nearby, or enjoy the great outdoors with hiking/biking trails. [Visit our Kahandamodara travel guide](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kahandamodara.dx3000003159) ![Map](https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?&size=660x330&map_id=3b266eb50d2997c6&zoom=13&markers=icon:https%3A%2F%2Fa.travel-assets.com%2Ftravel-assets-manager%2Feg-maps%2Fproperty.png%7C6.06993%2C80.89161&channel=expedia-HotelInformation&maptype=roadmap&scale=1&key=AIzaSyCYjQus5kCufOpSj932jFoR_AJiL9yiwOw&signature=yM6VLrdn5_DZ3zL2iV1LC0Dkd-4=) Monaratenna, Warnakulasuriya Mawatha, Kahandamodara, Kahandamodara, 82200 ### What's nearby - ![Kahandamodara Beach](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/3000003055/7b4e5410-b498-4d0f-8534-0053885b2a59.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Kahandamodara Beach 14 min drive \- 1.9 miles - ![Hiriketiya Beach](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/553248635939576725/8a72ca28-784f-4e2c-a23f-d64e45b1bafe.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Hiriketiya Beach 60 min drive \- 26.1 miles - Tangalle Beach 38 min drive \- 12.9 miles - Parewella Natural Swimming Area 42 min drive \- 16.0 miles - Dickwella Beach 58 min drive \- 31.1 miles ### Restaurants - Pumpkin Restaurant and Little Cabanas 25 min drive - Ocean House 10 min drive - Sha Sha Seafood 22 min drive - Lawan Sea Food 6 min drive - Ruwani 22 min drive ## About this property ### Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat Hotel in a rural location At Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat, you can look forward to free cooked-to-order breakfast, an airport shuttle and a free daily manager's reception. For some rest and relaxation, visit the steam room, and indulge in Ayurvedic treatments, a manicure/pedicure or thalassotherapy. Free in-room WiFi is available to all guests, along with a terrace and a garden. Other perks at this hotel include: - An outdoor pool - Free self-parking - Bike hire, a round-trip airport shuttle (surcharge) and express check-out - Express check-in, supervised childcare (surcharge) and coffee/tea in reception Room features All guest rooms at Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat boast perks, such as air conditioning, as well as amenities, such as free WiFi and safes. Extra conveniences in all rooms include: - Rainfall showers and free toiletries - Ceiling fans and daily housekeeping ## Similar properties ![Lunch and dinner served, international cuisine](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/19000000/18180000/18171400/18171339/1ad277ae.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### The Seascape Matara - Pool - Breakfast included - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 9.2 Wonderful 31 reviews £111 includes taxes & fees 30 Mar - 31 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-30&endDate=2026-03-31&selected=18171339&PinnedHotelID=18171339&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Beach](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/33000000/32550000/32547000/32547000/93ca18eb.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Nil Diya Beach Resort Matara - Pool - Spa - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 8.0 Very good 3 reviews £34 includes taxes & fees 30 Mar - 31 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-30&endDate=2026-03-31&selected=32547000&PinnedHotelID=32547000&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![On the beach, beach massages](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/33000000/32870000/32862400/32862341/37cff2a4.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Serendivi Resort Villa Kahandamodara - Pool - Breakfast included - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 10 Exceptional 1 review £201 includes taxes & fees 6 Apr - 7 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-06&endDate=2026-04-07&selected=32862341&PinnedHotelID=32862341&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Exterior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/35000000/34530000/34528300/34528232/7821d192.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Sanu Lagoon Resort & Spa Tangalle - Pool - Spa - Kids’ pool - Parking included [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-12&endDate=2026-04-13&selected=34528232&PinnedHotelID=34528232&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Balcony](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/27000000/26700000/26699200/26699135/09afad59.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Villa Océane Matara - Pool - Kids’ pool - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 9.6 Exceptional 5 reviews [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-12&endDate=2026-04-13&selected=26699135&PinnedHotelID=26699135&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Exterior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/23000000/22580000/22574700/22574689/1ef7fd0f.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Turtle Paradise Rekawa - Pet-friendly - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant 8.8 Excellent 18 reviews £38 includes taxes & fees 31 Mar - 1 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-31&endDate=2026-04-01&selected=22574689&PinnedHotelID=22574689&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Exterior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108690000/108686300/108686277/23bce735.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### LUNUVILA RESORT DICKWELLA Dikwella - Breakfast included - Kitchen - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi 10 Exceptional 5 reviews £27 includes taxes & fees 23 Apr - 24 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-23&endDate=2026-04-24&selected=108686277&PinnedHotelID=108686277&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Beach](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/121000000/120360000/120359200/120359146/95db7e76.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Solara Beach House Kudawella - Parking included - Breakfast available - 24/7 front desk - Housekeeping 10 Exceptional 1 review £77 includes taxes & fees 30 Mar - 31 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-30&endDate=2026-03-31&selected=120359146&PinnedHotelID=120359146&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![On the beach, scuba diving, snorkelling, surfing](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/13000000/12340000/12335900/12335802/51286f2f.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Paradise Beach Resort Thalaramba - Pool - Pet-friendly - Kids’ pool - Parking included 6.6 14 reviews £41 includes taxes & fees 30 Mar - 31 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-30&endDate=2026-03-31&selected=12335802&PinnedHotelID=12335802&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Outdoor pool](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/34000000/33760000/33755800/33755732/142dbdaf.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Santon Resort & Spa Kahandamodara - Pool - Spa - Kids’ pool - Parking included [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-12&endDate=2026-04-13&selected=33755732&PinnedHotelID=33755732&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Compare similar properties](/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-12&endDate=2026-04-13&selected=11768218&PinnedHotelID=11768218&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2&comparePropertyIds=11768218,18171339,32547000,32862341,34528232) ## Property amenities ### Internet - Available in all rooms: Free WiFi - Available in some public areas: Free WiFi ### Parking and transport - Return airport shuttle (surcharge) - Free self parking on site - Limited on-site self parking ### Food and drink - Free cooked-to-order breakfast available daily 7:00 AM to 9:30 AM - Coffee and tea in common areas - Free daily manager's reception ### Things to do - Beach volleyball - Bicycle rentals - Outdoor pool - Steam room - Yoga classes ### Family friendly - Laundry facilities - Outdoor pool - Supervised activities for children (surcharge) ### Conveniences - 24-hour front desk - Free newspapers in lobby - Laundry facilities - Luggage storage - Safe at front desk ### Guest services - Housekeeping (daily) ### Outdoors - Barbecue grill - Garden - Outdoor furniture - Picnic area - Terrace ### Spa - Ayurvedic treatments - Detox wraps - Facials - Manicures/pedicures - Massage - Reflexology - Thalassotherapy ### More - Mosquito nets ## Room amenities ### Bedroom - Bedsheets provided ### Bathroom - Free toiletries - Rainfall showerhead - Shampoo - Shower - Soap - Toilet paper - Towels provided ### Food and drink - Free bottled water - Limited room service ### More - Air conditioning (climate-controlled) - Ceiling fan - Safe ## Policies ### Check-in Check-in start time: noon; check-in end time: 11 AM Express check-in available Minimum check-in age - 18 ### Check-out Check-out before 10 AM Contactless check-out Express check-out available ### Special check-in instructions Front desk staff will greet guests on arrival at the property For any questions, please contact the property using the information on the booking confirmation Information provided by the property may be translated using automated translation tools Guests should be aware that this is an unfenced property located in a wildlife area. ### Access methods Staffed front desk ### Pets No pets or service animals allowed ### Children and extra beds Children are welcome Rollaway/extra beds are available for USD 10.0 per day. ## Important information ### Optional extras - Air conditioning is available for an additional fee - Rollaway bed fee: USD 10.0 per day The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change. ### You need to know This property is managed by a professional host. The provision of housing is linked to their trade, business or profession. Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy Government-issued photo identification and a credit card, debit card or cash deposit may be required at check-in for incidental charges Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges; special requests cannot be guaranteed Safety features at this property include a fire extinguisher, a smoke detector, a security system and a first aid kit Please note that cultural norms and guest policies may differ by country and by property; the policies listed are provided by the property If you cancel your booking, you'll be subject to the host's cancellation policy. In accordance with UK consumer law, property booking services are not subject to the right of withdrawal. ### We should mention This property's policy is to refuse certain bookings for the purpose of group events or parties, including stag and hen parties No pets and no service animals are allowed at this property Alcohol is not served at this property ### Property is also known as Back Beyond Kahandamodara Villa Ranna Back beyond Wellness Retreat Villa Ranna Back beyond Wellness Retreat Villa Back beyond Wellness Retreat Ranna Back beyond Wellness Retreat Villa Tangalle Back beyond Wellness Retreat Tangalle Back beyond Wellness Retreat Villa Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat Tangalle Tangalle Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat Villa Villa Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat Tangalle Back of beyond Wellness Retreat Back beyond Wellness Retreat Villa Back of Beyond Kahandamodara ## Frequently asked questions ### Does Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat have a pool? ### How much does it cost to stay at Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat? ### Is Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat pet-friendly? ### How much is parking at Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat? ### What time is check-in at Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat? ### What time is check-out at Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat? ### Does Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat provide a shuttle to the airport? ### Where is Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat located? ### Can I cancel my reservation for free and receive a full refund? ## Have a question? Beta Get instant answers with AI powered search of property information and reviews. Ask a question ## Reviews ## Back of beyond - Wellness Retreat Reviews 10 ### Exceptional All reviews shown are from real guest experiences. Only travellers who have booked a stay with us can submit a review. We verify reviews according to our guidelines and publish all reviews, positive or negative.[More information](https://www.expedia.co.uk/lp/b/content-guidelines) ### 9.4 Cleanliness ### 10 Location ### 9.4 Staff & service ### 9.4 Property conditions & facilities 10 - Excellent 3 8 - Good 0 6 - Okay 0 4 - Poor 0 2 - Terrible 0 ## Reviews Verified ### 10/10 Excellent #### Max 21 Dec 2021 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort #### Wonderful Wonderful stay in rural Kohamdamodara. Great service. Beautiful surroundings. ##### Max Stayed 3 nights in Dec 2021 Verified ### 10/10 Excellent #### Family 17 Sept 2017 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort #### Paradise What a dream location! Very friendly staff, beautiful sunset, great pool. So many birds! Great kayak trips on the lagoon, to the Robison Crusoe like beach ##### Family Stayed 6 nights in Aug 2017 Verified ### 10/10 Excellent #### Verified traveller 13 Aug 2017 Liked: Cleanliness, staff & service, property conditions & facilities, room comfort brilliant stay, weather was great despite the monsoon - pool was fantastic, food excellent, service great, no complaints at all - perfect for families ##### Verified traveller Stayed 5 nights in Jul 2017 ### Expedia's Latest Trends ### Hotels > - [Le Grand Galle](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Galle-Hotels-Le-Grand-Galle-By-Asia-Leisure.h24010679.Hotel-Information) > - [Turtle Paradise](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Rekawa-Hotels-Turtle-Paradise.h22574689.Hotel-Information) > - [Lantern Boutique Hotel by Reveal](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kamburugamuwa-Hotels-Lantern-Boutique-Hotel.h11531622.Hotel-Information) > - [Tisara Villas](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Koggala-Hotels-Tisara-Villas.h41949021.Hotel-Information) > - [Mandara Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Weligama-Hotels-Mandara-Resort.h7685897.Hotel-Information) > - [Cinnamon Bentota Beach – Signature Selection](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bentota-Hotels-Cinnamon-Bentota-Beach.h36466861.Hotel-Information) > - [The Fortress Resort & Spa Galle](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Koggala-Hotels-The-Fortress-Resort-Spa.h7821441.Hotel-Information) > - [Yala Wilderness Safari Camp](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Tissamaharama-Hotels-Yala-Wilderness-Safari-Camp.h35832683.Hotel-Information) > - [Sattva Ahangama](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ahangama-Hotels-Sattva-Ahangama.h104358883.Hotel-Information) > - [Kahanda Kanda](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Angulugaha-Hotels-Kahanda-Kanda.h11263998.Hotel-Information) > - [NH Bentota Ceysands Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bentota-Hotels-NH-Bentota-Ceysands-Resort.h8146053.Hotel-Information) > - [Heritance Ahungalla](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ahungalla-Hotels-Heritance-Ahungalla.h1526822.Hotel-Information) > - [Ubuntu Beach Villas By Reveal](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kamburugamuwa-Hotels-Ubuntu-Boutique-Hotel-By-Lantern.h15013869.Hotel-Information) > - [The Villa Bentota by KK Collection](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bentota-Hotels-The-Villa-Bentota-By-KK-Collection.h76160201.Hotel-Information) > - [Neem Tree House](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kirinda-Hotels-Neem-Tree-House.h24402503.Hotel-Information) > - [Koggala Beach Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Koggala-Hotels-Koggala-Beach-Hotel.h7871657.Hotel-Information) > - [Nyne Hotels The Muse - Bentota](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bentota-Hotels-Taru-Villas-The-Muse.h20014045.Hotel-Information) > - [Ladja Beach Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ambalanthota-Hotels-Ladja-Beach-Resort.h42476991.Hotel-Information) > - [W15 Weligama](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Weligama-Hotels-W15.h11560777.Hotel-Information) > - [Weligama Bay Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Weligama-Hotels-Weligama-Bay-Resort.h1487820.Hotel-Information) > - [Talalla Bay Beach House](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Talalla-Hotels-Talalla-Bay-Beach-House.h12686846.Hotel-Information) > - [Radisson Blu Resort Galle](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Galle-Hotels-Amari-Galle.h16267123.Hotel-Information) > - [Talalla Retreat](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Talalla-Hotels-Talalla-Retreat.h7088443.Hotel-Information) > - [Taru Villas The Long House - Bentota](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Bentota-Hotels-Taru-Villas-The-Long-House.h27202420.Hotel-Information) > - [Ayurvie Weligama - Ayurvedic Retreat](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Weligama-Hotels-Ayurvie-Retreat-Weligama.h35173513.Hotel-Information) > - [Taavetti](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Galle-Hotels-Taavetti.h95999208.Hotel-Information) > - [Kethaka Aga](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Thissamaharama-Hotels-Kethaka-Aga.h22876073.Hotel-Information) > - [Tekanda Lodge](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Ahangama-Hotels-Tekanda-Lodge.h107597589.Hotel-Information) > - [Green Turtle Villa by The Serendipity Collection](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Kosgoda-Hotels-Green-Turtle-Villa.h22575245.Hotel-Information) ---