Title: Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! Reviews, Deals & Photos 2026 - Expedia.co.uk [See all properties](http://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?regionId=6053839&destination=Dubai%2C+Dubai+Emirate%2C+United+Arab+Emirates&selected=119685451&adults=2&children=&sort=RECOMMENDED&useRewards=false&semdtl=&userIntent=&vip=false) Entire apartment # Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! ## Photo gallery for Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! ![Property grounds - Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! (Creek Harbour)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/120000000/119690000/119685500/119685451/74e4f8eb.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=598&ra=fit) ![1 bedroom, iron/ironing board, WiFi, bed sheets - Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! (Creek Harbour)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/120000000/119690000/119685500/119685451/280e5be7.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![TV - Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! (Creek Harbour)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/120000000/119690000/119685500/119685451/1104349c.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Shower, hair dryer, towels - Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! (Creek Harbour)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/120000000/119690000/119685500/119685451/61995f32.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![TV - Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! (Creek Harbour)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/120000000/119690000/119685500/119685451/8f024699_edited_6a6c.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) - Overview - Location - Amenities - Policies Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! provides a gym and more. Guests can connect to in-room WiFi. ### Entire apartment 1 bedroom2 bathrooms664 sq ft ## Popular amenities - Pool - Kitchen - Air-conditioning - Gym - Outdoor space - Parking available £146 includes taxes & fees 1 Apr - 2 Apr ## Add dates for prices Check-in Check-out Travellers ## About this property ### Entire place You'll have the entire apartment to yourself and will only share it with other guests in your party. ### Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! The Space: Indulge in luxury and convenience at this 1-bedroom apartment in Dubai Creek Harbour. Located near Dubai Creek Harbour Promenade and 22-minute drive from the iconic Burj Khalifa. Enjoy complimentary access to amenities including a gym and pool. Located in the heart of Dubai Creek Harbour this apartment offers stunning views and is a prime location for nature enthusiasts. Enjoy the nearby Ras Al Khor Wildlife Sanctuary, perfect for bird watchers and nature lovers. For those who appreciate green spaces, Creek Island Central Park is just a short walk away. Golfers can indulge in a round at The Track Meydan Golf, while The Block provides additional recreational options close by. This stylish apartment features modern amenities, including a fully equipped kitchen, and a queen bed in the main bedroom and an optional queen size sofa bed in the living room which can be made up at prior arrangement- making it ideal for couples, solo travellers, or friends seeking a retreat in a central location. The apartment boasts a bright and airy atmosphere with a spacious open plan dining and sitting area, complete with satellite TV. It’s perfect for unwinding after a day of shopping at Dubai Mall, just a 19-minute drive away. Step out onto the balcony to enjoy your morning coffee while taking in the views. This apartment features a floor-to-ceiling window in the living room, allowing natural light to flood the space. You will find hotel-grade bed linen and towels, along with initial toiletries like shampoo and soaps, ensuring a comfortable arrival experience. Important details ⋆ Check-in: 3pm onwards ⋆ Check-out: By 11am The apartment is all yours, but I am here if you need me. The apartment ⋆ 22nd floor, Creek Crescent ⋆ Free gym and pool access ⋆ Free private parking space ⋆ Free high speed WIFI Getting out and about ‍ ⋆ Dubai Festival City Mall & IKEA: 16-minute drive ⋆ Ras Al Khor Wildlife Sanctuary: 14-minute drive ⋆ Meydan Golf Course: 17-minute drive ⋆ Hartland Greens Park: 18-minute drive ⋆ Meydan Racetrack: 19-minute drive ⋆ Souk Al Bahar: 22-minute drive ⋆ Burj Khalifa, Dubai Opera House, Dubai Fountain, and Dubai Mall: 21-minute drive ⋆ Dubai International Airport (DXB): 18-minute drive ⋆ Burj Al Arab: 29-minute drive ⋆ Palm Jumeirah: 28-minute drive ⋆ JBR Beach: 35-minute drive ⋆ Dubai Marina: 30-minute drive Extras available for rent upon request: For a one-time rental fee of 150aed per item, guests can rent. ⋆ Cot ⋆ Highchair ⋆ Foldable chair and desk ⋆ Luggage storage before or after your stay: AED 150 for the first 2 bags and then AED 50 for each bag thereafter. Baggage storage times are 9am – 9pm. Baggage storage is subject to availability and not guaranteed. I recommend bookings are made no later than 48hours before to secure your space ⋆ ️ Sofa Bed Service: For bookings of 4 guests or more, the sofa bed will be set up automatically at no extra cost. For bookings of 2 guests or fewer, please notify us in advance if you require the sofa bed, as a charge of AED 150 applies. House rules: ▶ What I need from you in advance: ⋆ Consent to House Rules: All guests must provide written consent to the house rules on to your booking platform chat before access is allowed. ⋆ Personal Information: Provide home address, email address, and passport copies for all guests at least 24 hours before check-in. ▶ What you need to remember: ⋆ Early Communication Request: We kindly ask that you share any concerns or issues with us directly before reaching out to your booking platform, giving us the opportunity to promptly assist you. ⋆ Key Policy: AED 1,000 charge per lost key or key card. A call-out fee of AED 500 applies for door opening due to lost keys, in addition to the key replacement cost. ⋆ Smoking Policy: Strictly non-smoking inside the apartment; AED 2,500 charge for smoking violations. ⋆ Staining Charges: Minimum AED 250 charge for any stains on furniture or linen requiring professional cleaning. ⋆ Late Checkout: AED 250 fee for late checkouts past 11 AM, if approved in advance. ⋆ Building Facilities: Access to facilities is complimentary and will be provided by the concierge. Access cards will only be provided subject to availability. cards will only be provided subject to availability ## Property amenities ### Pool/Spa - Communal pool ### Internet - Available in the apartment: WiFi ### Parking and transport - Parking on site ### Kitchen - Cookware, dishware, and utensils - Hob - Microwave - Oven - Refrigerator - Toaster ### Bedrooms - Bedroom - Bedsheets provided ### Bathroom - 1.5 bathrooms - Hair dryer - Shower - Towels provided ### Entertainment - TV with cable/satellite channels ### Outdoor areas - Balcony ### Comfort - Air conditioning ### Pets - No pets allowed ### Suitability/Accessibility - Lift - Smoke-free property ### Services and conveniences - Iron/ironing board ### Things to do - Gym ### Safety features - Carbon monoxide detector not reported (host has not indicated whether there is a carbon monoxide detector on the property; consider bringing a portable detector) - Smoke detector not reported (host has not indicated whether there is a smoke detector on the property) - First aid kit - Fire extinguisher ### General - Unit size: 664 square feet ## Similar properties ![Living area](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/114000000/113640000/113631700/113631685/52499748.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Luxury 2BR with Stunning Amenities دبي - Pool - Kitchen - Washing machine - Dryer £232 includes taxes & fees 1 Apr - 2 Apr [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-01&endDate=2026-04-02&selected=113631685&PinnedHotelID=113631685&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![65-inch Smart TV with digital channels, Netflix, streaming services](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/122000000/121230000/121227400/121227338/86990ee8.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Creekside Haven 2BR Marsa Plaza DFC Dubai Festival City - Pool - Kitchen - Washing machine - Parking included 10 Exceptional 1 review [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-01&endDate=2026-04-02&selected=121227338&PinnedHotelID=121227338&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Property grounds](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/110000000/109650000/109643900/109643837/67098a6a.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Stylish Cozy 3-Bedroom Apartment with Harbour Views in Dubai Creek Harbour Dubai Creek Harbour - Kitchen - Washing machine - Dryer - Air-conditioning [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-01&endDate=2026-04-02&selected=109643837&PinnedHotelID=109643837&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Massages](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/65000000/64010000/64007100/64007079/w2896h4346x4y0-4497de97.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Kingsgate Al Jadaf by Millennium Hotels Jadaf - Spa - Parking included - Free Wi-Fi - Restaurant 7.4 Good 31 reviews £29 includes taxes & fees 25 Mar - 26 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-25&endDate=2026-03-26&selected=64007079&PinnedHotelID=64007079&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Pool](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/119000000/118670000/118669400/118669394/e84719a7.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Luxury 2BR Dubai Creek Harbour | Pool, Gym, Parking & Balcony Views Dubai Creek Harbour - Kitchen - Washing machine - Air-conditioning - Gym 10 Exceptional 1 review £199 includes taxes & fees 20 Mar - 21 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-20&endDate=2026-03-21&selected=118669394&PinnedHotelID=118669394&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Living area](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/121000000/120250000/120246600/120246536/630ae496.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Park Side 1BR Luxury Loft I Dubai Creek Island Dubai Creek Harbour - Washing machine - Dryer - Air-conditioning - Gym [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-01&endDate=2026-04-02&selected=120246536&PinnedHotelID=120246536&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Interior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/105000000/104220000/104211600/104211542/300639ee.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Address Beach Resort, 1bd aprt Dubai Marina - Pool - Washing machine - Dryer - Air-conditioning [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-01&endDate=2026-04-02&selected=104211542&PinnedHotelID=104211542&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Marina](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/76000000/75860000/75853800/75853773/b664749f.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Spacious 2 bedroom apartment| Waterfront living| Close to DFC mall Dubai Creek Harbour - Pool - Kitchen - Washing machine - Dryer £225 includes taxes & fees 23 Mar - 24 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-23&endDate=2026-03-24&selected=75853773&PinnedHotelID=75853773&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Terrace/patio](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/95000000/94690000/94683700/94683607/w1170h763x0y3-58483b0a.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Desert camp for Romantic night stay and desert party Dubai Festival City - Pet-friendly £259 includes taxes & fees 19 Mar - 20 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-19&endDate=2026-03-20&selected=94683607&PinnedHotelID=94683607&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Indoor pool, outdoor pool](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/111000000/110900000/110895100/110895017/50ed4bb0.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Chic studio apartment with AC, fitness room in wonderful Sohba Hartland Dubai Wilton Park Residences Sobha Hartland, - Pool - Hot tub - Kitchen - Washing machine £1,824 includes taxes & fees 22 Mar - 23 Mar [](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-03-22&endDate=2026-03-23&selected=110895017&PinnedHotelID=110895017&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Compare similar properties](/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-04-01&endDate=2026-04-02&selected=119685451&PinnedHotelID=119685451&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2&comparePropertyIds=119685451,113631685,121227338,109643837,64007079) ## Policies ### Check-in Check-in time starts at 3:00 PM Minimum check-in age - 21 ### Check-out Check-out before 11:00 AM ### Special check-in instructions You will receive an email from the host with check-in and check-out instructions Information provided by the property may be translated using automated translation tools ### Pets Pets not allowed ### Children and extra beds Children are welcome ### Events No events allowed ### Smoking Smoking is not permitted ## Important information ### You need to know This property is managed by a professional host. The provision of housing is linked to their trade, business or profession. Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy Government-issued photo identification and a credit card, debit card or cash deposit may be required at check-in for incidental charges Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges; special requests cannot be guaranteed On-site parties or group events are strictly prohibited Host has not indicated whether there is a carbon monoxide detector on the property; consider bringing a portable detector with you on the trip Host has not indicated whether there is a smoke detector on the property Safety features at this property include a fire extinguisher and a first aid kit This property has outdoor spaces, such as balconies, patios and terraces, which may not be suitable for children; if you have any concerns, we recommend contacting the property prior to your arrival to confirm that they can accommodate you in a suitable room This property is managed through our partner, Vrbo. You will receive an email from Vrbo with a link to a Vrbo account, where you can change or cancel your reservation Property Registration Number ALK-CRE-WQMDP If you cancel your booking, you'll be subject to the host's cancellation policy. In accordance with UK consumer law, property booking services are not subject to the right of withdrawal. ### Property is also known as 6889c2767e4ba6001180a211 ## About the area Dubai Creek Harbour, a neighbourhood in Dubai, is home to this apartment. The area's natural beauty can be seen at Dubai Creek and Jumeirah Beach, while Dubai Aquarium & Underwater Zoo and Global Village are popular area attractions. Wild Wadi Water Park and Dubai Miracle Garden are not to be missed. [Visit our Dubai travel guide](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai.dx6053839) [View more Apartments in Dubai](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Apartments.d553248635974547388-aaApartments.Travel-Guide-Accommodation) ![Map](https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?&size=660x330&map_id=3b266eb50d2997c6&zoom=13&markers=icon:https%3A%2F%2Fa.travel-assets.com%2Ftravel-assets-manager%2Feg-maps%2Fproperty.png%7C25.20998%2C55.34650&channel=expedia-HotelInformation&maptype=roadmap&scale=1&key=AIzaSyCYjQus5kCufOpSj932jFoR_AJiL9yiwOw&signature=ZWrc-iz_0NhbmDT3vm9EIfQAKeA=) Creek Harbour, Dubai ### What's nearby - ![Dubai Creek which includes boating, a city and a bay or harbour](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/6083295/d7275710-6b11-4df1-8a1d-2b5f95b7d50d.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Dubai Creek 8 min drive \- 1.8 miles - ![EyeEm Custom Shoots Q4 2018](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/6083283/d9e57789-9140-4296-b5e3-4bf007c5fc88.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Wafi City Mall 12 min drive \- 4.9 miles - ![Dubai_DeiraCityCentre_6114212-3](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/6114212/a16a1001-30ac-4eac-97a6-1f58806c003c.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) City Centre Deira 12 min drive \- 4.7 miles - Festival Center 8 min drive \- 2.0 miles - Dubai Festival City Mall 8 min drive \- 2.0 miles ### Getting around - Al Jadaf Station 9 min drive - Dubai (DXB-Dubai Intl.) 15 min drive ### Restaurants - Sayf 5 min drive - Courtyard 10 min walk - Turkish Village 6 min drive - Roasters Specialty Coffee house 13 min walk - Cat Cafe Vibrissae - Dubai Creek Harbour 1 min walk ## Frequently asked questions ### Does Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! have a pool? ### How much does it cost to stay at Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers!? ### Is Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! pet-friendly? ### How much is parking at Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers!? ### What time is check-in at Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers!? ### What time is check-out at Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers!? ### Where is Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! located? ## Have a question? Beta Get instant answers with AI powered search of property information and reviews. Ask a question ## Free housekeeping visits during your stay - StayShort - Creek Harbour Sleeps 4 Perfect for Nature Lovers! Reviews ### Expedia's Latest Trends ### Hotels > - [One & Only Royal Mirage](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-The-Palace-At-One-Only-Royal-Mirage.h4735649.Hotel-Information) > - [Le Méridien Mina Seyahi Beach Resort & Waterpark](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Le-Meridien-Mina-Seyahi-Beach-Resort-Waterpark.h432678.Hotel-Information) > - [ME Dubai by Meliá](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-ME-Dubai.h42691507.Hotel-Information) > - [voco Dubai by IHG](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Voco-Hotel.h3990073.Hotel-Information) > - [Two Seasons Hotel & Apartments](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Two-Seasons-Hotel-Apartments-Former-Gloria.h4039132.Hotel-Information) > - [JA Palm Tree Court, Dubai](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-JA-The-Resort-JA-Palm-Tree-Court.h1109595.Hotel-Information) > - [Bab Al Shams](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Bab-Al-Shams-Desert-Resort-Dubai.h1162761.Hotel-Information) > - [Atlantis, The Palm](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Atlantis-The-Palm.h2235336.Hotel-Information) > - [Suha JBR Hotel Apartments ](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Suha-JBR-Hotel-Apartments.h2586645.Hotel-Information) > - [DoubleTree by Hilton Sharjah Waterfront Hotel & Residences](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Doubletree-By-Hilton-Sharjah-Waterfront-Hotel-And-Residences.h70260071.Hotel-Information) > - [Address Beach Resort](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Address-Jumeirah-Resort.h57821246.Hotel-Information) > - [The Dubai EDITION](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-E-Hotel.h72626661.Hotel-Information) > - [The First Collection Marina, Dubai, a Tribute Portfolio Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-The-First-Collection-Marina-Hotel.h13300536.Hotel-Information) > - [Atlantis The Royal](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Atlantis-The-Royal.h39014655.Hotel-Information) > - [Rove La Mer Beach](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Rove-La-Mer.h49102294.Hotel-Information) > - [Shangri-La Dubai](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Shangri-La-Dubai.h918930.Hotel-Information) > - [JA Beach Hotel, Dubai](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-JA-The-Resort-JA-Beach-Hotel.h22627.Hotel-Information) > - [The St. Regis Downtown, Dubai](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-The-St-Regis-Downtown.h19366493.Hotel-Information) > - [NH Collection Dubai The Palm](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Nh-Dubai-The-Palm.h83617671.Hotel-Information) > - [The Canvas Dubai - MGallery Hotel Collection](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-The-Canvas-Dubai-MGallery-Hotel-Collection.h4649108.Hotel-Information) > - [JW Marriott Hotel Marina](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-JW-Marriott-Hotel-Marina.h2983165.Hotel-Information) > - [Pullman Dubai Downtown](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Pullman-Dubai-Downtown.h12294745.Hotel-Information) > - [The First Collection Dubai Jumeirah Village Circle, a Tribute Portfolio Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-The-First-Collection-Jumeirah-Village.h69378647.Hotel-Information) > - [One&Only One Za'abeel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-OneOnly-One-ZaAbeel.h96193558.Hotel-Information) > - [25hours Hotel Dubai One Central](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-25Hours-Hotel-Dubai-One-Central.h73586368.Hotel-Information) > - [Sofitel Dubai The Obelisk](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Sofitel-Dubai-Wafi.h43989118.Hotel-Information) > - [Avani+ Palm View Dubai Hotel & Suites](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Avani-Palms-Views-Dubai-Hotel-Suites.h58960880.Hotel-Information) > - [2 bedroom apartment Palm Jumeirah](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-2-Bedroom-Apartment-Palm-Jumeirah.h34852176.Hotel-Information) > - [Millennium Plaza Downtown Hotel](https://www.expedia.co.uk/Dubai-Hotels-Millennium-Plaza-Downtown-Hotel.h7610.Hotel-Information) ---